QuickSpecs for HP-UX 11i v3 describes the features and functionality delivered by the HP-UX 11i v3 operating environments and related software, plus considerations for a successful, optimized HP-UX 11i deployment.

NOTE: QuickSpecs are also available for HP Integrity systems, HP 9000 systems, HP-UX 11i layered software, HP storage products and more at: http://www.hp.com/go/quickspecs.

Features and functionality described in this HP-UX 11i v3 QuickSpecs include HP-UX 11i v3 Update 5, the latest update release dated September, 2009. Update releases to HP-UX 11i v3 deliver significant functionality enhancements: HP recommends updating to the most current release for maximum performance, simplified management and enhanced security and scalability.

Release notes for each update release identify 'what's new' for that release. Please see: http://www.docs.hp.com if you need to see what new features a particular update release provides.

• Execute initiatives faster and more efficiently to reduce operational costs with business-critical virtualization
• Meet growth demands of your business with dynamic scalability
• Mitigate risks with the continuous availability required by today's 24x7 enterprise

When it comes to running business-critical applications, it's hard to beat the performance and programming flexibility of UNIX®. But as business-critical applications grow and expand across your enterprise, the resulting complexity makes it more and more difficult to manage the environment and quickly respond to change. Meanwhile, end users demand ever-increasing service levels-and the business demands round-the-clock availability. To address this challenge, many companies are looking for ways to get more out of UNIX-without increasing cost and complexity. At HP, we believe the best way to get more out of UNIX for enterprises of all sizes is to choose a business technology infrastructure designed for the unpredictable world of business - a virtualized environment that is dynamically scalable and continuously available - an environment like HP-UX 11i v3, the recommended version of HP-UX 11i, on HP Integrity servers.

The HP Virtual Server Environment (VSE) for Integrity servers provides an automated virtual infrastructure that can adapt in seconds with mission critical reliability. HP VSE allows you to optimize server utilization in real time by creating virtual servers that can automatically grow and shrink based on business priorities and service-level objectives. With the HP VSE you can increase the return on your investments and be agile at the same time. HP Virtual Server Environment includes: Virtualization and Workload management, Capacity planning, the Partitioning Continuum, High Availability and Instant Capacity. A subset of these products is available as part of the VSE Suite for Integrity servers, as well as in the VSE-OE and DC-OE.

HP Insight Global Workload Manager (gWLM) and HP-UX Workload Manager (WLM) provide the intelligent control for the HP Virtual Server Environment. They enable automated, dynamic allocation of server resources among applications according to predefined policies so that resource utilization improves and service levels are maintained. While gWLM and WLM have a subset of unique features which are suited for a different type of Virtual Server Environment deployments, they both provide the following capabilities:

• Managing the real-time resource allocation of many soft partitions (vPars, HP Integrity VMs or Secure Resource Partitions)
• Shifting Instant Capacity licenses between nPars or servers based on business priorities, or resizing servers based on demand by activating or deactivating Temporary Instant Capacity
• Synchronizing resource management policies to re-allocate server resources in the case of a failover

HP gWLM is ideal for single systems or high availability clusters, as well as large-scale deployment with multiple servers. A typical example is a centralized-IT deployment, where a single IT department manages servers for multiple business units, and many applications run on a large number of servers - each with several partitions. HP gWLM's ease of use features include centralized policy administration, pre-defined policies and reporting features to enable IT to easily set-up, manage and track resource usage. These benefits also make gWLM a suitable solution for many common types of IT environments, where fine-tuned policies and specialized resource management are not applicable.

HP-UX Workload Manager (WLM) was designed to manage workloads on a single system or high availability cluster. As is also true with gWLM, WLM is a suitable for solution for a line-of-business (LOB) consolidation in which the LOB owns its servers but relies on an IT team to manage them. HP-UX WLM also gives you the ability to fine-tune policies to support specialized resource management needs. HP-UX Workload Manager (WLM) is intended for existing configurations and solutions that currently utilize WLM. For new configurations and solutions requiring workload management, HP recommends that Global Workload Manager (gWLM) be utilized.

HP-UX 11i provides a rich set of tools to provide maximum control and efficiency for system administrators responsible for HP-UX 11i systems. HP-UX software deployment and configuration management capabilities automate routine administration and simplify many complex tasks, while providing deep-level system control where needed. The choice of an enhanced CLI, menu-driven TUI, and web-based GUI ensure that both experienced and junior administrators alike can be productive quickly when working with HP-UX 11i. In addition, these single-system tools also work seamlessly with higher level multi-system and enterprise management environments, including HP Systems Insight Manager. As a result, administrators gain more visual abstracted views of their heterogeneous IT assets, while also having the ability to automatically launch HP-UX 11i management tools from within Systems Insight Manager when system-level precision tuning is required.

HP Systems Insight Manager (SIM) is the foundation for HP's unified server-storage management strategy. It is a multiple operating system, hardware level management product that supports HP Integrity, HP ProLiant and HP 9000 servers. HP SIM is easily extensible, integrating other HP management products and value-add plug-ins such as HP Integrity Essentials.

HP Systems Insight Manager (SIM) and HP Integrity Essentials help you control IT infrastructure with unified management of your HP Integrity server environment running HP-UX 11i. HP Integrity Essentials provides modular, integrated system management software for complete Integrity server management for multiple operating systems, including HP-UX 11i.

HP System Management Homepage (HP SMH) is the launch point for all single system management applications for HP-UX 11i. SMH provides web-based systems management functionality, at-a-glance monitoring of system component health and consolidated log viewing. SMH also provides Text-Based User Interface (TUI) and Command Line Interface (CLI). Some of the SMH applications continue to be available in X-Windows based interface, which can be opened from SMH.

HP Systems Insight Manager (HP SIM) is HP's solution for multi-system management. Customers can seamlessly move from multi-system views in SIM to more detailed single system information in SMH.

Ignite-UX addresses the needs of HP-UX 11i system administrators who perform fast deployment for one or many servers. It provides the means for creating and reusing standard system configurations, enables replication of systems, permits post-installation customization, and is capable of operating in both interactive and unattended modes.

HP-UX can be installed from either a DVD or an Ignite-UX Install Server. Administrators have a choice of full, update, and cloned installations. Installation Services are available for those customers who would like an experienced HP Software Specialist to install the software.

• Update from one version of HP-UX to another (e.g., 11i v2 to 11i v3)
  
• Update from one release to another (e.g., 11i v3 0709 to 11i v3 0903)
  
• Data and configurations are preserved
  
• TUI and command line interface
  
• Integrated with Dynamic Root Disk - can update an inactive system (older version of 11i v3 to 11i v3 March 2009 or later)
  
• Preview mode (analysis only)

SWA simplifies patch and security bulletin management on HP-UX systems, and offers the following features and benefits:

• Analyzes a system for patch warnings, critical defects, security bulletins, missing Quality Pack patch bundle, and user-specified patches and patch chains.
  
• Uses an HP-supplied catalog file to analyze your system and generate reports.
  
• Optimizes the automatic selection of patch dependencies by assessing the quality of the dependency, providing the best case scenario for the dependency, minimizing changes to the system, and assessing future patch dependency changes.
  
• Produces the Action, Issue, and Detail Reports as well as a consolidated HTML report for you to see what issues are relevant to the software on the system or in the depot.
  
• Provides the ability to download and verify patches, then build a Software Distributor (SD-UX) depot which will fix many of the issues in the report. You can also use SWA to see recommended additional actions in the report, which you need to take care of manually to fix the remaining issues.
  
• Has selected features integrated with HP SIM 5.2 and later for simultaneous analysis of up to 100 systems, also provides a command line interface (CLI).
  

For more information, go to: https://www.hp.com/go/swa

Dynamic Root Disk (DRD) provides customers the ability to clone an HP-UX 11i system image to an inactive disk, then:

• Perform system maintenance on the clone while the system remains online
• Quickly re-boot during off-hours once the desired changes have been made
• Utilize the clone for system recovery if necessary
• Rehost the clone onto another system for testing or provisioning purposes (on Integrity VMs or Blade Systems using Virtual Connect; LVM only)
• Perform an OE Update on the clone from an older version of HP-UX 11i v3to HP-UX 11i v3 Update 4 or later.

DRD supports both HP Logical Volume Manager (LVM) and Veritas (VxVM) root volumes, except as specifically noted above for rehosting. DRD can reduce planned downtime by up to 50% for updates and maintenance. For more information see: http://docs.hp.com/en/DRD.

HP-UX 11i v3 delivers multiple controls to manage power consumption balanced with performance requirements:

• Green Idle Processor - the system tunable pwr_idle_ctl can be set to a value from 1-5 (default is 'off'), to instruct the system to power down the processor to various levels. The higher the value, the higher the processor power savings: up to 10% of processing power consumption can be saved for idle processors.
• Green Active Processor - The pstateect1 command enables, and sets to static or dynamic, the ability to power down active processors, saving up to 8% of active processors.
• Green Idle Cell - the parolrad and frupower commands power down unused floating cells in a cell-based server, saving up to 1kWatt per cell.
• Green Idle I/O - the olrad command powers down unused I/O cards, saving up to 25Watts per card

Capacity Advisor, included in VSE-OE and DC-OE, supports power capacity planning.

HP-UX 11i Base OE and higher OEs deliver tools that support hardware diagnostics and are integrated with central management tools System Management Homepage (SMH) and Systems Insight Manager (SIM).

The Online Diagnostics software consists of two product bundles:

• OnlineDiag
• SysFaultMgmt (a.k.a. SFM)

These bundles include many tools to help diagnose PA-RISC and Itanium-based system hardware such as processors, memory, power supplies, fans, interface cards and mass storage devices.

Starting with HP-UX 11i v3 Update 4 release, OnlineDiag will be in support mode. Moving forward, no new enhancements will be made to OnlineDiag. Only critical or serious defects will be analyzed. Current shipping Montvale-based systems are the last to support OnlineDiag. SysFaultMgmt is WBEM based hardware diagnostics solution. It will be the hardware diagnostics software in the absence of OnlineDiag on new systems beyond Montvale-based systems. It continues to be available and is recommended to be used on current shipping systems running HP-UX 11i.

The SysFaultMgmt bundle includes the System Fault Management (SFM) software that includes the following tools.

• SFM Providers that monitors the health of HP servers and retrieves information about hardware such as memory, processors, power supplies, and cooling devices. SFM operates in the Web-based Enterprise Management (WBEM) environment.
• EVWEB is packaged with SFM and can be used to view and administer WBEM indications generated on the HP-UX 11i v3 system.
• EMT enables customers to view most errors that can occur on HP-UX 11i v3 systems. It also provides probable cause for errors, and recommended actions.

The key benefits of using SysFaultMgmt product are:

• Displays information on standards-compliant graphical and command-line system management applications, such as HP SIM and HP SMH.
• Enables unified infrastructure management by integrating HP SIM and HP SMH.
• Provides remote supportability due to integration of WBEM providers with HP Remote Support Pack (RSP).
• Provides the health status of various hardware devices. The WBEM-based hardware monitoring also provides the follow-the-red path for locating, isolating, and troubleshooting hardware devices.

For more information on SFM, OnlineDiag and Migration from EMS to WBEM based hardware diagnostics solution, go to: http://docs.hp.com/en/diag.html

HP GlancePlus Pak provides a single product for managing a system's availability and performance. It is an integrated product included in the VSE-OE, HA-OE and DC-OE that includes:

HP GlancePlus - GlancePlus provides immediate performance information about a system. It lets a customer easily examine system activities, identify and resolve performance bottlenecks, and tune the system for more efficient operation.

HP Performance Agent - The HP Performance Agent is the logging, alarming, and collection component of HP GlancePlus Pak. It keeps a history of the system's performance and sends alarms of impending performance problems.

As an integrated product, the GlancePlus Pak includes the real-time diagnostic capabilities of GlancePlus and the historical data collection capabilities of the Performance Agent. The performance agent is used with other availability and performance management products, thus providing an integrated real-time and historical performance management solution.

With GlancePlus Pak, a wide range of system performance and availability problems can be handled to get the best from the system and the applications running on it.

The HP Storage Data Protector software is enterprise data protection and disaster recovery, ensuring recovery from any disruption. Data Protector integrates a variety of techniques to eliminate backup and recovery windows. The capabilities to eliminate planned downtime range from online backup and backup of open files to zero-downtime, zero-impact backup. The software provides industry-leading instant recovery as well as several disaster recovery alternatives to eliminate unplanned downtime, allowing recovery of entire data centers in minutes.

HP Process Resource Manager (HP PRM) is a resource management tool, included with the Base OE, used to control the amount of resources that processes use during peak system load.

HP PRM can manage allocation of the following resources:

1. CPU: Ensures a minimum allocation, but (optionally) no more than its capped amount of CPU.
2. Memory: Ensures a minimum allocation, and (optionally) a soft upper bound can be defined for real memory.
3. Disk bandwidth: Ensures a minimum allocation of disk bandwidth.

WBEM allows customers to manage their systems consistently across multiple platforms and operating systems, providing integrated solutions that optimize their infrastructure for greater operational efficiency.

WBEM enables management applications to retrieve system information and request system operations wherever and whenever required.

HP's Event Monitoring Service (EMS) is a system monitoring application designed to facilitate real-time monitoring and error detection for HP products in the enterprise environment. This framework provides centralized management of hardware devices and system resources and provides immediate notification of hardware failures and system status.

HP EMS reports information that helps to detect loss of redundant resources, thus exposing single points of failure and eliminating the threat to data and application availability. HP EMS capabilities cover the entire system: system components, storage, and network interfaces.

Partition Manager (parmgr) allows system administrators to configure Superdome and other systems that support hardware partitions through an easy to use, familiar graphical user interface. Partition Manager is available as a free web download.

Serviceguard Manager provides a graphical configuration, monitoring, and administration tool to display and manage Serviceguard high availability clusters including- Serviceguard Extension for RAC, Serviceguard Extension for SAP, Serviceguard Storage Management Suite, Enterprise Cluster Master Toolkit, Extended Distance Cluster, Metrocluster and Continentalclusters, that maintain high availability.

Using Serviceguard Manager, administrators and operators see color coded, graphically intuitive icons to get the big picture view of multiple clusters so that they can proactively manage the clusters, nodes, and applications. Serviceguard Manager is integrated with HP Systems Insight Manager and HP Operations Manager, providing a comprehensive management solution for all your hardware and software.

The new generation of the dual-core Intel® Itanium® 2 processor incorporates two cores per socket; each core offers 2-way hardware threads. HP-UX 11i v3 fully supports this new Hyper-Threading (HT) technology. Each hardware thread appears as a complete processor to the operating system. Logical Processors (LCPUs) provide control for hardware threads in HP-UX 11i v3.

On HP-UX 11i v3, the HT technology is enabled at different levels. The Intel® Hyper-Threading feature is enabled or disabled at system boot time through the firmware setting. When the HT feature is enabled, the LCPU feature can be dynamically enabled so that kernel threads are scheduled on each hardware thread. All interfaces available for general use by applications that deal with CPU IDs will expose LCPUs as processor core objects. Therefore, there is no impact to applications from a programming perspective. LCPUs are integrated with HP-UX Processor Sets (PSETs), as a way to offer simultaneous availability of processor cores and LCPUs in a single OS instance.

LCPUs are dynamically enabled or disabled for all cores within a PSET on an HT capable system. HP-UX 11i v3 customers may tailor each system specifically to the needs of the applications being run on that system. Applications that benefit from Hyper-Threading can run in PSETs with LCPUs enabled. For those applications that do not benefit from Hyper-Threading, PSETs may be configured to allow the application to run on cores without LCPUs enabled. This new use of PSETs allows for finer granularity control of HT through the use of an existing and well-tested mechanism. Furthermore, this use provides control for HT manipulation without requiring programming changes for applications. This approach is fully dynamic and allows all customer applications to co-exist within a single OS instance regardless of the use of HT.

The HP Serviceguard Storage Management Suite (SG SMS) is the latest addition to the HP-UX 11i high availability portfolio. This suite of products combines the power of HP Serviceguard with the VERITAS Storage Foundation offerings by Symantec to produce a comprehensive solution that offers proven availability, performance and manageability.

There are different products included in the Serviceguard Storage Management Suite - each to address different customer mission critical requirements. Some products are specific to Oracle database environments, Oracle RAC environments and others provide advanced file system volume management capabilities and cluster file system manageability.

Serviceguard Storage Management Suite A.03.00 based on Serviceguard 11.19 and Veritas Storage Foundation 5.0.1 is available on HP-UX 11i v3 Update 4.The value of HP-UX 11i extends beyond the benefits gained through the Serviceguard Storage Management Suite by offering these storage management solutions on top of HP-UX 11i. These high availability-based solutions integrated with the HP Virtual Server Environment to maximize resource utilization and improve ROI. SG SMS is also available leveraging the integration and simplified manageability of HP-UX 11i Operating Environments (OEs). Pre-integrated with the HP-UX 11i v3 Data Center Operating Environment, and the HP-UX 11i v3 High Availability Operating Environment, SG SMS provides a quick-to-deploy storage management solution.

For additional information regarding the HP Serviceguard Storage Management Suite, go to: http://www.hp.com/go/sms

HP sells Symantec file system VxFS under the name of HP OnlineJFS. VxFS-lite is the base file system included in the base HP-UX 11i operating system. HP invests in integration, testing and quality assurance of OnlineJFS and VxFS-lite with the HP-UX 11i operating environments.

HP OnlineJFS extends the functionality of VxFS-lite by providing the online management of the journaled file system. It delivers a set of features that adds higher levels of data management capability and substantially increases the availability by enabling online data management without interrupting user and application access to the data.

HP OnlineJFS is available as a stand-alone add-on HP-UX 11i software product included in the High Availability, Virtual Server and Data Center Operating Environments for HP-UX 11i v3 and as a product in the Serviceguard Storage Management Suites for HP-UX 11i.

Starting with the September, 2009 HP-UX update, In the BOE, HA-OE, VSE-OE, and DC-OE the default install is VxFS 5.0 over LVM. VxFS-lite is the default install for the BOE, while OnlineJFS is the default install for HA-OE, VSE-OE, and DC-OE.

OnlineJFS 5.0 is available as a stand-alone product on HP-UX 11i v3.

Online JFS 5.0, product number B3929FB for HP-UX 11i v3, deploys a new method of indexing file directories that provides improved performance for directories containing large numbers of entries.

The 5.0.1 version of VxFS lite and OnlineJFS will be available November, 2009 and will have the following notable enhancements:

• Support for Filesystem size up to 256TB (up from 32)
  
• Support for Thin Provisioning
  
• Direct I/O capability in VxFS-lite-improves performance to approach 30-50% of raw I/O speed with the use of LVM as the volume manager.
  
• Concurrent I/O capability in OnlineJFS-improves performance to the range of 80-99% of raw I/O speed with the use of LVM as the volume manager.

The HP Logical Volume Manager (LVM) is included with HP-UX 11i and provides basic volume manager functions and features needed for most configurations. New enhancements to LVM include:

• Dynamic LUN expansion for improved manageability and to minimize downtime
• Support for Online disk replacement (OLR)
• Improved ability to change existing volume group configuration (vgmodify)
• Increased maximum logical volume size, from 2TB to 16TB
• Performance improvements (scan time, activation time, etc.)
• Support for storage array snapshots and clones (volume group quiescing)
• Support for striped mirroring providing increased availability
• LVM command line interface parse-ability with HP-UX 11i v3
• Full support of native multi-pathing on HP-UX 11i v3

With the HP-UX 11i v3 Update 4 release (March 2009), the Logical Volume Manager (LVM) has been enhanced with the following key features in the areas of scalability, manageability, availability, flexibility, and performance:

• Scalability -- Volume groups can now be resized on versions 2.0 and 2.1 with the improved vgmodify command
• Manageability -- Dynamic LUN expansion and Dynamic LUN contraction are now supported on versions 2.0 and 2.1 with the improved vgmodify command
• Availability -- Volume group resizing, Dynamic LUN expansion, and Dynamic LUN contraction can be performed online on versions 1.0, 2.0, and 2.1 without loss of application availability
• Flexibility -- Volume groups with version 1.0 can now be migrated to versions 2.0 or 2.1 using the new vgversion command
• Performance -- Faster volume group scanning with the improved vgscan and vgimport commands

With the HP-UX 11i v3 Update 5 release (September, 2009) the Logical Volume Manager includes the following new capabilities:

• Multi-node online reconfiguration for SGeRAC clusters: Customers will be able to make LVM configuration changes from the master node without deactivating other nodes in the cluster
  
• VGMove: Customers will be able to move LVM Volume Groups from one array to another with no application downtime
  
• PVMove autorebalance-: Customers will be able to rebalance all of volume groups and have optimal distribution of data across physical volumes
  
• LVM VG Forced Deactivation: Customers can now deactivate volume groups when resync is going.
  

Mirrordisk/UX software (product number B2491BA) prevents data loss due to disk failures by maintaining up to six copies of data on separate disks. Applications can continue to access data even after a single disk failure. In addition, on-line backups can be performed to avoid user and application disruption.

To prevent the failure of a single I/O interface from causing a system failure, HP recommends that mirrored disks be connected to separate interface cards.

Features and Benefits

• Striped mirrors (RAID 0+1) and Mirrored stripes (RAID 1+0) for improved performance and availability
• No single point of failure - separate controllers/power supplies
• Up to 6-way disk mirroring (RAID 1)
• On-line backup while maintaining mirroring
• Application transparency
• Dynamic mirror configuration
• Selective mirroring of data
• Fast data synchronization
• Menu-driven administration tools

The Veritas Volume Manager for HP-UX is an alternative to the HP Logical Volume Manager and HP Mirrordisk/UX products.
Base VxVM 4.1 (included in HP-UX 11i Base OE at no additional cost) provides many volume manager features and benefits such as:

• Root disk mirroring
• Rootability support for improved manageability of the root disk
• Split brain avoidance for high availability
• Java-based administrative GUI
• Heterogeneous platform support

In addition to the above features offered in Base VxVM 4.1, the full VxVM 4.1 product (product number B9116BA) and the full VxVM 5.0 (product number B9116CB) can be purchased separately to obtain many more features and benefits including:

• Full mirroring capability (RAID1) up to 32 copies
• Striping (RAID 0) to distribute data across storage devices for improved performance
• Striped mirrors (RAID 0+1) and Mirrored stripes (RAID 1+0) for improved performance and availability
• Dynamic LUN expansion for improved manageability and to minimize downtime -
  NOTE: Dynamic LUN Expansion is not available with Full VxVM or Base VxVM. Dynamic LUN Expansion is enabled by any of the HP Storage Management products (Serviceguard bundles optional)
• Active load balancing or Dynamic Multi Pathing -
  NOTE: Dynamic Multi-pathing is not available in VxVM 4.1 on HP-UX 11i v3, but is available on VxVM 4.1 on HP-UX 11i v2. It is available in VxVM 5.0 on both HP-UX 11i v2 and HP-UX 11i v3.
• Online relayout provides uninterrupted data access during maintenance
• Online volume reconfiguration balances performance and minimize downtime
• Hot relocation restores data after disk failure

VxVM 5.0 new capabilities:

VxVM 5.0 is available for HP-UX 11i v2 (product number B9116CA) and HP-UX 11i v3 (product number B9116CB). Base VxVM 5.0 is included at no additional cost in HP-UX 11i v3 Update 3. Some of the VxVM 5.0 new capabilities include:

• The faster startup time for the VxVM configuration daemon provides significantly faster discovery of new devices, initialization of dynamic multipathing, and the importing of disk groups.
• Enhancements to the Dynamic Multipathing (DMP) feature include more tunable parameters, faster detection of failures, and a tunable parameter to control the duration of retries for Persistent Group Reservations.
• Easier management of disks cloned via hardware replication.
• Many other features such as enhancements to volume tags, disk tags, and the data migration commands.

Further benefits of VxVM 5.0 and VxFS 5.0 on HP-UX 11i v3 over HP-UX 11i v2 include integration with OS features, e.g. agile device naming, and native Multi Pathing support in the base products (clusters do not support native MP).

The HP CIFS Suite consists of HP CIFS Client and HP CIFS Server and provides a broad and flexible range of Unix/Windows file system interoperability for HP-UX 11i users. The Common Internet File System (CIFS) is the native network file system protocol in Microsoft Windows operating systems. HP CIFS for HP-UX 11i integrates UNIX with Microsoft Windows environments by providing remote file sharing, printer access and authentication services between HP-UX and Windows systems.

The CIFS Client allows HP-UX 11i systems to mount file systems from Windows or other CIFS server products such as Samba. The Samba based HP CIFS Server provides CIFS client access to HP-UX 11i file systems to Windows.

The HP CIFS Suite includes HP's industry-leading CIFS Unix Extensions, which allow connections between CIFS Clients and Servers to utilize Unix file system attributes within the CIFS protocol. The HP CIFS Client also includes a Pluggable Authentication Module, PAM-NTLM, which allows HP-UX 11i logins to be authenticated on a CIFS domain.

HP CIFS product suite is provided as a standard component of HP-UX 11i Operating Environments and free with HP-UX 11i Application Releases. It is automatically ignited with HP-UX 11i. Both CIFS Server and CIFS Client products are included.

The Network File System (NFS) allows a client node to perform transparent file access over the network. By using NFS, a client node operates on files residing on a variety of servers and server architectures, and across a variety of operating systems. File access calls on the client (such as read requests) are converted to NFS protocol requests and sent to the server system over the network. The server receives the request, performs the actual file system operation, and sends a response back to the client.

NFS has been updated for HP-UX 11i v3 with a completely new implementation of the NFS version 2 (NFS v2) and version 3 (NFS v3) protocols. Some of the new features and benefits include:

• NFS v3 support for read, write, and readdirplus requests as large as 1MB for file systems mounted using TCP. This feature allows NFS clients and servers performing large data transfers to utilize CPU and network resources more efficiently.
• Client-side failover, for read-only file systems, allows the NFS client system to automatically and transparently switch to a backup NFS server if the original system stops responding
• Configurable pools of asynchronous I/O threads that replace the biod daemons on the client, offering improved client stability and fault tolerance. The default number of threads is 8 per mount point.
• A configurable pool of nfsd threads that replaces the user-space nfsd daemons on the server, offering consistent request processing for both UDP and TCP requests. The default number of threads is 16.
• Support for the Unified File Cache, which enables significantly improved performance for many application workloads
• New kctune kernel parameters and configuration files to control the performance and behavior of the NFS product
• NFS server logging facility that enables administrators to determine which NFS clients are using server resources
• Support for Access Control Lists to allow users on NFS client systems to view and modify ACLs, providing more granular file and directory permissions and security
• WebNFS support that authorizes NFS servers to be accessed via WebNFS-aware browsers and clients
• Integrated security, both enhanced user authentication and data encryption, so customers can feel safe sharing files over private and public networks
• NFS services may be configured to run on specific port numbers, allowing system administrators to easily configure NFS server systems behind hardware firewalls or software firewalls such as IP Filter
• IPv6 support allows administrators to share files across IPv6 networks

HP-UX 11i v3 also introduces NFS Version 4 (NFS v4), the latest version of the NFS protocol. NFS v4 delivers many customer-requested features, including:

• Compound Remote Procedure Call (RPC) packets, which combine multiple operations into a single over-the-wire request, thus reducing network latency and security processing overhead
• Integrated security for enhanced user authentication and data encryption, so customers can safely share files over both private and public networks
• Integrated file locking, file system mounting and ACL support
• Support for IPv6 networks
• Improved Firewall and IP Filter Support, since all NFS v4 requests are sent to a single TCP port
• Improved interoperability with Microsoft® Windows clients via enhanced file attributes and share locks
• Support for read, write, and readdir requests as large as 1MB, allowing NFS clients and servers performing large data transfers to utilize CPU and network resources more efficiently
• File Delegation support, allowing the NFS v4 client to perform I/O operations against a locally cached version of the file without informing the NFS server, thus improving application performance
• Client-side failover, for read-only file systems, allowing the NFS v4 client to automatically and transparently switch to a backup NFS server if the original system stops responding
• New kctune kernel parameters and configuration files to control the performance and behavior of the NFS product
• Support for all versions of NFS (v2, v3 and v4) to be active on the system simultaneously
• Updates to the AutoFS subsystem to support NFS v4
• Cross mount traversal, allowing clients to seamlessly traverse the shared directories and cross the physical file system boundaries on the server without having to explicitly mount each shared file system independently
• Referrals feature that allows an NFSv4 client to traverse shared directories and seamlessly cross the physical file systems located on different servers

HP is continually making improvements to the NFS product family, both in terms of features, stability and performance. These product enhancements are delivered via Independent Software Units (ISU), available as a free download from HP's Software Depot website: http://software.hp.com/portal/swdepot/displayProductInfo.do?productNumber=ONCplus. The most recent ONCplus ISU includes numerous performance improvements that benefit most applications using NFS. HP strongly encourages customers to install the most recent version of the ONCplus ISU to reap these performance and stability benefits.

The next generation mass storage stack meets the greater challenges of today and also establishes a solid foundation for future development. It delivers improved performance and scalability, higher levels of availability and simplified management of mass storage devices. Some of the features and benefits include:

• SAN (Storage Area Network) Agility - agile addressing of devices. A new, single persistent device special file (DSF) per logical unit (LUN) which will not change with reconfiguration of the SAN infrastructure
• Immense scalability - architected to support up to 16 million devices (LUNs), up to 16 million I/O controllers, over 4 billion I/O paths and disk sizes up to 8 zettabytes
• Built-in native multi-pathing and load balancing fully integrated with HP-UX 11i v3 - no more need for additional investment in add-on multi-pathing products
• Automatic detection and auto configuration of new mass storage devices, device configuration and SAN changes
• All paths to a device are automatically configured for multi-pathing and load balancing
• Resilience to link failures with persistent DSFs and native multi-pathing. Faster and pro-active path failover of impacted I/O paths by utilizing SAN infrastructure notifications
• Increased performance through use of parallelism and concurrency of I/O operations which can also result in significantly faster ioscan time
• Architected to exploit OS and platform hardware features such as Cell Local Memory, Processor Allegiance, etc. for maximum performance
• User settable tunables for further optimization of device access
• Ability to increase queue depth for SAN ports, eliminating port congestion resulting in increased performance and avoiding the need to overprovision SAN ports
• Disk Scrub feature to sanitize hard drives for use, eliminating the possibility that old data can be reconstructed, through DoD-approved method of overwriting and erasing the drive in place, in the system
• Integration with CIM/WBEM based system and storage management utilities such as HP's System Management Homepage (SMH), Systems Insight Manager (SIM) and Storage Essentials (SE)
• Enhanced performance metrics and improved performance tools, including port level metrics and separation of read and write operations within sar
• OLARD (online addition, replacement, deletion) of I/O interfaces while I/O activity continues
• Ability to quickly and easily detect missing SAN components and devices when SAN changes are made
• Compatible with HP-UX 11i v2 - no retraining of IT staff required in most update cases. Update to HP-UX 11i v3 and begin using without additional training requirements. Only need to adopt new features when ready to or when exceeding HP-UX 11i v2 limits
• Asymmetric Logical Unit Access (ALUA) for transparent Active/Passive, Asymmetric Active/Active array support
• Integrated LUN/path deletion for snap/clone
• Improved load balancing algorithms including preferred Tgt Port, closest path and weighted round robin
• Configurable path ping (none, basic, extended)
• Deferred path recovery (immediate, count_based, time_based)
• Target Port Alias
• Device Data Repository (DDR) name generation (scsimgr ddr_name)
• Selective stale device deletion (rmsf -x -H <hwpath>)
• Fibre Channel symbolic names for host node/port, array/port
• Fibre Channel failover optimization

HP Serviceguard builds upon the concept of virtualization by grouping multiple servers or partitions into a cluster to provide highly available application services that ensure data integrity. Within the cluster, HP Serviceguard monitors the health and status of software and hardware components and uses enhanced cluster management tools to efficiently manage multiple systems. If a threshold is exceeded or a failure occurs, HP Serviceguard provides automatic failover and fast failback of the business-critical applications.

While HP Serviceguard is effective in handling unplanned events, it can also be used for planned maintenance of your clustered environment. Applications can be moved among servers so that services can remain available to the end user while software or hardware upgrades are implemented.

HP Serviceguard is available as a stand-alone product, as part of the HP-UX 11i High Availability Operating Environment, the Data Center Operating Environment, and in the Serviceguard Storage Management Suites.

HP Serviceguard is available for environments with HP-UX 11i or Linux, enabling a consistent cluster strategy for both operating systems.

Extended Distance Cluster is the most cost effective of HP's suite of Disaster Tolerant (DT) solutions for customers seeking to protect their data and maximize application availability. It uses software-based data replication. Disaster tolerant solutions are sold separately for use with HP-UX 11i v3 OEs.

Key features

• This configuration implements a single Serviceguard cluster across two data centers, and uses either Mirrordisk/UX or VxVM mirroring for data replication. No cluster license beyond Serviceguard is required for this solution, making it the least expensive to implement.
• Customers may choose any storage supported by Serviceguard, and the storage can be a mix of any Serviceguard-supported storage.
• Writes are synchronous unless the link or disk is down, so data remains current between the primary disk and its replica.

Extended Distance Cluster is most appropriate in the following situations:

• Distance is less than 100km. Extended Distance Cluster does not support asynchronous data replication. While data currency is maintained between the two data in normal operations, longer distances between the data centers increases the likelihood of performance impact.
• Data is less critical. Extended Distance Cluster provides no built-in mechanism for Serviceguard to determine the state of the data before starting up the application. Unlike Metrocluster or Continentalclusters, an application package will start successfully if volume group activation is successful. For example, nothing prevents an application from starting if the Logical Volume Manager (LVM) mirrors are split. This scenario will increase the exposure to loss in the event of a site disaster.

Only a carefully designed architecture coupled with proper implementation (e.g. adding additional intelligence to package control scripts, selecting appropriate volume group activation options, incorporating monitoring tools like Event Monitoring Services, etc.) can help to avoid undesirable behavior or consequences.

Metrocluster and Continentalclusters offer the most robust recovery mechanisms in the HP-UX 11i suite of geographically dispersed clusters that also includes Extended Distance Cluster.

Key features:

• Automatic and bi-directional failover of mission-critical data and applications so both data centers can be active, protected and capable of handling package failover to each other
• Cluster can be stretched up to 300km, support for up to 16 HP Integrity and HP 9000 servers
• Robust, reliable fast fail-over and fail-back via array-based data replication
• Optimized resource utilization and performance with HP-UX Workload Manager and On-Demand Solutions
• Special integration for Oracle 10g RAC databases with SGeRAC
• Integration with HP Virtual Server Environment (VSE) products like Capacity Advisor, Workload Manager, Utility Pricing solutions, Partitioning Continuum solutions and Integrity Virtual Machines

Metrocluster can be used with HP StorageWorks Continuous Access XP, Continuous Access EVA or EMC's Symmetrix Remote Data Facility (SRDF) in the following situations:

• The integration with storage is used to mirror data between sites
• Application performance is of critical importance
• Fast fail-over and fail-back are required

For details on HP Serviceguard Storage Management Suite, please see the File system and storage section of this document, or refer to: http://www.hp.com/go/sgsms.

HP Serviceguard Extension for SAP expands Serviceguard's powerful failover capabilities to SAP environments. It continuously monitors the health of each SAP node and automatically responds to failures or threshold violations. HP Serviceguard Extension for SAP automates and accelerates the failover of SAP application failover and restart. As an added bonus, it can minimize planned downtime when performing SAP upgrades.

Key Features and Benefits:

• Builds on top of Serviceguard clusters to simplify deployment
• Failure detection and restoration of any SAP application maximizes application uptime
• Faster upgrade of SAP, OS or middleware to reduce planned downtime
• Compatibility with disaster tolerant solutions offers disaster protection for SAP environments
• Fully tested and backed by SAP to ensure compatibility with new releases
• Mission-critical support for SAP offers coordination with SAP for problem prevention and faster resolution

Now includes out of the box Hot Standby protection for SAP liveCache, the first and only high availability solution for SAP liveCache that is proven in production and co-developed with and recognized by SAP. Using HP Hot Standby for liveCache, Serviceguard Extension for SAP slashes SAP liveCache recovery time from days or hours to as little as two minutes and is recognized by SAP as the first solution of its kind on the market.

HP Serviceguard Extension for RAC allows multiple servers to be configured as a highly available enterprise cluster that supports Oracle 9i, 10g, and 11gR1 Real Application Clusters (RAC). These two products work together to provide the best aspects of HP's enterprise clusters and Oracle RAC: high availability, data integrity, scalability, and reduced database administration costs. Serviceguard extensions are sold separately for use with HP-UX 11i v3 OEs.

Key Features:

• Rapid automatic failure detection and recovery times
• Ability to withstand multiple node failures
• Integration with HP Virtual Server Environment (VSE)
• Multiple cluster configurations

NOTE: Serviceguard and Serviceguard Extension for RAC are required components for Oracle9i Real Application Clusters on HP-UX servers.

HP offers a wide range of toolkits to enable customers to integrate their applications with HP Serviceguard in an easy and effective manner saving both time and money. With the latest release, Enterprise Cluster Master Toolkit contains toolkits for the following applications:

• Oracle single instance database
• DB2
• Sybase ASE
• MySQL
• Apache
• Tomcat
• CIFS

These toolkits ensure that an application is integrated correctly into a cluster, and also significantly reduce the amount of time required to integrate an application into an HP Serviceguard cluster.

For information on Serviceguard Manager, see the Virtualization/management and automation section of this document, or refer to: http://www.hp.com/go/serviceguardmanager.

Serviceguard extensions are sold separately for use with HP-UX 11i v3 OEs.

The most basic goal of operating system security is to preserve the integrity of the system in the face of attack. The HP-UX 11i operating system includes a number of features that assist the administrator in locking down the platform, all available in the Base Operating Environment and higher levels of OEs:

• HP-UX Bastille hardens the system against attack by locking down unused or vulnerable system services, networking ports, configuration files, and other platform components. Administrators are guided via a graphical interface to select the lockdown tasks appropriate to their systems, or can choose from pre-defined security profiles
• Install-Time Security enables a system to be installed with default level of lockdown. Administrators can select from a menu of security profiles to be applied via Bastille during the operating system installation process
• Host IDS uses kernel-level system audit information to continuously monitor many systems for attacks, generating alerts and, as an option, also responding in real time.
• IPFilter provides system firewall capabilities, including stateful connection filtering to limit the "attack surface" of the platform, and connection throttling to limit the effectiveness of denial-of-service attacks.
• Install-Time Security eases default lockdowns by offering a menu of security profiles that may be applied as part of the operating-system installation process.
• Software Assistant (SWA) incorporates key functionality from security_patch_check and ITRC Patch Assessment tools into a single tool. It integrates with HP Systems Insight Manager and provides single and multi system report capabilities. (NOTE: HP is discontinuing security_patch_check as of November 1, 2008. On this date, security_patch_check will begin invoking SWA. HP is obsolescing security_patch_check in 2009.) For more information on SWA, see: http://www.hp.com/go/swa
• Execute-Protected Stack prevents common types of buffer overflow attacks, which are a leading contributor to platform compromise.

HP-UX 11i Security Containment comprises three core technologies that together provide a highly secure operating environment:

• Compartments provide isolation and restrict access to application and system resources outside of the compartment to prevent catastrophic damage should a compartment be penetrated. HP-UX Security Containment accomplishes this by controlling the flow of information between processes in different compartments. For example, outside compartments can accept and process customer-facing data and then transfer it securely, by rule, to inside compartments for non-public access and processing.
• Fine-Grained Privileges grant only the privileges needed for a task and, optionally, only for the time needed to perform the task. Applications that are "privilege-aware" are able to elevate their privilege level during the operation and lower it after completion of the operation.
• Role-Based Access Control provides a mechanism to allow non-root users to perform administrative tasks, effectively splitting the power of root into a manageable set of roles. An out-of-the-box configuration supports many common HP-UX 11i commands.

• Standard Mode Security Enhancements offer granular account and password policies on a system-wide or per-user basis, including the ability to generate detailed system audits for user accountability.
• Red Hat Directory Server v7 (RHDS) for HP-UX 11i is a full-featured and highly adaptable LDAP directory server that provides an industry standard centralized directory service on which to build your intranet or extranet. With nearly limitless scalability, RHDS can be installed to support solutions for managing HP-UX 11i hosts and enterprise identities, as well as super-scale, web-facing customer authentication and data management. RHDS simplifies user and information management by eliminating data redundancy and automating data maintenance, as well as providing a single authentication source across enterprise or extranet applications.
• HP-UX LDAP-UX client services simplify identity management by allowing system authentication and naming services to leverage a new or existing LDAP directory.
  • The NIS/LDAP Gateway acts as an NIS server, storing data in an LDAP directory server rather than in NIS maps. The NIS/LDAP Gateway provides Simple Access to LDAP Directory Server, allowing current NIS clients to use the LDAP directory server with few or no changes. In addition, the gateway server converts NIS Remote Procedure Call (RPC) requests into LDAP operations, and then converts answers back into NIS replies
  • The LDAP-UX Client Services provides tools for managing the data in the LDAP directory server and a second set of tools that provide native access to the directory server, bypassing NIS
• Kerberos server and clients offer enterprise-class Single-Sign-On (SSO) services as well as enhanced interoperability with Windows® ADS.
• HP-UX AAA server (RADIUS) authenticates provides authentication services for Virtual private networks, wireless LANs, Unix login, and RADIUS enabled applications. HP-UX AAA server is scalable from enterprise to service provider deployments and also provides two factor authentication for PKI and OTP (One Time Password) deployments.
• PAM_RADIUS supports RADIUS-based authentication for login, Secure Shell, ftp and other Unix services. It can be used to access an existing RADIUS authentication server, or to add two-factor authentication for your HP-UX users.

HP-UX 11i v3, running on HP 9000 and HP Integrity platforms, is successfully evaluated against the requirements for EAL4 Common Criteria (ISO 15408) Assurance Level, augmented by ALC_FLR.3 (flaw remediation), using the Controlled Access (CAPP) and Role-Based Access Control Protection Profiles (RBACPP) Common Criteria Certification. See: http://h20338.www2.hp.com/hpux11i/cache/532758-0-0-0-121.html

Many enterprise and government customers require this vendor-independent security certification because it increases confidence in the product's security assurance, functionality, quality and effectiveness. Many governments, including the United States, require certification for government IT procurement.

New in this evaluation: Hard partitions (nPartitions or nPars) are included in the evaluated configuration of the HP-UX 11i v3 operating system. Hardware partitions (nPartition) provide both hardware and software isolation so that hardware or software faults in one nPartition do not affect other nPartitions within the same server complex. Hard partitions (nPartitions) are available on cell-based servers such as rp7420, rp8420, rx7620, rx7640, rx8620, rx8640, and Superdome. The server is split into a number of cells that can be allocated to the nPartitions. Each cell contains processor(s) and system RAM and may be associated with its own peripheral devices. Learn more about the Common Criteria certification advantage of HP-UX 11i nPartitions.

Customers who wish to duplicate this evaluated software configuration can obtain a special 4-disc media kit (BA491AA, option A54). The kit contains the DVDs of the February 2007 versions of the HP-UX 11i v3 mission-critical operating environment and Instant Information discs, plus a Common Criteria Supplementary CD that contains patches, documentation and tools specific to the evaluated configuration.

• View the Common Criteria Portal Certification Report and Security Target (PDF)
• View the Certification Report Number CRP 243
• View the HP-UX 11i v3 Common Criteria Security Target
• View the HP-UX 11i certified products details
• Contact HP about Common Criteria certification
• Learn more about Common Criteria certification advantage (PDF, 196 KB)

Compartmentalized Operations Protection Profile (CCOPP) : HP-UX 11i v3 is currently certified under the CAPP/RBAC protection profile. In addition to that certification the most current version of HP-UX 11i v3 is in evaluation to be certified against a new protection profile, CCOPP-OS. This profile specifies an extended range of protection requirements for vital partitioning functions, namely compartments with mandatory access controls, vPars, and nPars.

HP-UX 11i v3 Update 3 is currently in evaluation to Common Criteria Evaluation Assurance Level 4 (EAL4), augmented with ALC_FLR.3 (flaw remediation). It is evaluated in conformance to the new Commercial off the Shelf (COTS) Compartmentalized Operations Protection Profile (CCOPP-OS).

The CCOPP-OS specifies the extensive range of security requirements necessary to solve the security problem that organizations encounter when trying to implement readily available operating systems to handle compartmentalized environments. It is conformant with both the Controlled Access Protection Profile (CAPP) and the Role Based Access (RBAC) Protection Profile. CCOPP-OS also contains requirements for Mandatory Access Control to implement compartmentalization in a real-world environment.

When evaluated against the CCOPP-OS, the HP-UX 11i v3 UNIX® operating system will be certified with the most extensive range of security protections of any commercial off the shelf operating system.

New in this evaluation is an extended range of HP-UX 11i v3 partitioning protections. These are highlighted as:

• Compartments provide isolation of process, memory, and files within a single instance of HP-UX 11i should an attack compromise a portion of the OS. Mandatory Access Controls (MAC) is included.
• Virtual partitions (vPars) are soft partitioning solutions that provide granularity and flexibility to cell-based servers. It allows multiple instances of HP-UX 11i to run independently within an nPartition.
• Hard partitions (nPars) are previously included in the HP-UX 11i v3 certified configuration for CAPP/RBAC and are also included in CCOPP-OS. Each nPartition provides both hardware and software isolation, so that hardware or software faults in one nPartition do not affect other nPartitions within the same server complex.

Learn more

• HP-UX 11i v3 and Common Criteria CCOPP-OS/EAL4+ White Paper
• CCOPP-OS Protection Profile (PDF)
• CCOPP-OS Description
• CCOPP Protection Profile Certificate (PDF)
• HP-UX 11i v3 in evaluation against CCOPP-OS
• Contact HP about Common Criteria Certification of HP-UX 11i v3

HP-UX 11i Encrypted Volume and File System (EVFS) is an operating system service that addresses industry specific regulatory and compliance requirements for encryption of data at rest. It protects data at the volume level, preventing unauthorized access by parties who may have obtained access to the physical storage medium.

Files and databases from your current environment can be encrypted without any changes to the application or the storage infrastructure. EVFS is easy to use and greatly reduces the threat of data compromise.

Key Features and Benefits:

• High-performance bulk data encryption using AES symmetric keys.
• Application transparency - No change to application needed.
• Investment protection - No change to storage infrastructure required.
• Flexible and robust key management.
• "Secure erase" - Once the encryption keys are destroyed, data cannot be recovered.
• Scalable performance based on number of CPUs

EVFS is available as a free download from HP's Software Depot website: http://software.hp.com/portal/swdepot/displayProductInfo.do?productNumber=EVFS

Hewlett-Packard's nPartitions are a hardware-based partitioning option in the HP Partitioning Continuum, which is part of the integrated HP Virtual Server Environment. HP nPartitions enable you to increase server utilization, uptime and flexibility by carving a single cell-based server complex (mid and high-end Integrity or HP 9000 servers) into multiple smaller systems, on a cellular boundary, each with their own resources. These hard partitions are designed to provide complete electrical, security and software isolation. For an organization where high availability is critical, this ensures that any fault within one nPartition cannot impact any other nPartition. Applications running within nPartitions are not subject to hardware or software events in other nPartitions.

Each nPartition has one or more cells (containing processors and memory) that are assigned to the nPartition for its exclusive use. Any I/O chassis attached to a cell belonging to a nPartition is also assigned to that nPartition. (Each chassis has PCI card slots plus any I/O cards and attached devices, and may also have core I/O.) Since each nPartition has its own CPU, memory and I/O resources from the cells allocated to the nPartition, resources may be removed from one nPartition and added to another without having to physically remove and add hardware. Additionally, dynamic creation and modification of nPartitions is supported. Since the nPartition resources are physically separated, there is no overhead associated with nPartitions.

These nPartitions operate in such a manner that they can be totally isolated from other nPartitions. Each nPartition runs a single OS image, thus providing software isolation. Alternate nPartitions may, therefore, be executing different versions of an operating system. On the HP Integrity servers, the HP-UX 11i, Linux, Microsoft Windows, and OpenVMS operating systems can all be supported simultaneously in different nPartitions within a single cell based server.

For more information on HP Partitioning Continuum, go to: http:/www.hp.com/go/partitions

Dynamic nPartitions is a valuable extension to HP's nPartitions. Cell-based HP Integrity and HP 9000 servers can be configured into multiple nPartitions of various sizes. When workloads change, Dynamic nPartitions increase dynamic resource flexibility and server uptime by enabling the server' s nPartitions to be dynamically adjusted for the application's changing workload requirements and business objectives. Dynamic nPartitions enables such change to occur online while the nPartition containing these cells (and the OS and applications within them) continue to be available and to run without interruption.

There are two basic operations:

• Cell online activation is used to activate an inactive cell
• Cell online deactivation is used to deactivate an active cell

NOTE: This functionality requires at least HP-UX 11i v3 Update 1 (released in September 2007) and supporting firmware.

For more information on HP Partitioning Continuum, go to: http:/www.hp.com/go/partitions

The HP-UX Virtual Partitions (vPars) product is one of the software based partitioning options in the HP Partitioning Continuum, which is part of the integrated HP Virtual Server Environment. vPars is available on cell-based mid-range and high-end HP Integrity and HP 9000 servers or nPartitions.

The vPars technology enables customers to increase server utilization and flexibility by creating multiple vPars simultaneously on a single server or nPartition. Each virtual partition: runs a separate instance of HP-UX, is assigned its own subset of CPU, memory and I/O resources, and hosts its own set of applications. HP-UX Virtual Partitions provide software isolation (application and operating system fault isolation). Dynamic CPU migration is available between the vPars.

HP-UX 11i v3 Virtual Partitions also support: dynamic memory migration between vPars, and mixed HP-UX 11i v1, v2 and v3 version support within the same nPartition.

vPars provide processor core granularity. Because the vPars technology parses resources, and gets "out of the way" during normal processing, there is typically little overhead associated with vPars.

For more information on HP Partitioning Continuum, go to: http:/www.hp.com/go/partitions

HP Integrity Virtual Machines is one of the soft partitioning options in the HP Partitioning Continuum portion of the integrated HP Virtual Server Environment.

HP Integrity Virtual Machines (Integrity VM) is a software virtualization technology that enables you to increase server utilization and flexibility by enabling you to create multiple virtual machines simultaneously on any single HP Integrity server, or nPartition. Each virtual machine has its own separate "guest" operating system instance with different: operating system type and version, applications, and users. Each virtual machine hosts its own applications in an environment that provides full software fault and security isolation.

Integrity VM provides shared processor and shared I/O, and automatic, dynamic resource allocation that is built in. The physical resources of the HP Integrity server are shared amongst any of the virtual machines it hosts, based on demand and entitlement.
Integrity VM v3.5 (and beyond) also offers Accelerated Virtual I/O, new VM-aware network & storage I/O drivers for increased I/O performance, and on increased number of virtual SCSI devices.

Integrity Virtual Machines 4.1supports the following operating systems in individual virtual machines: HP-UX 11i v2 and v3, Windows Server 2003 (SP1 and SP2) ®, Windows Server 2008 ® (in Integrity VM v4.1 Patch Kit 2 (PK2)), Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 4.4 and 4.5, and SUSE® SLES10 SP1 and SP2 (in Integrity VM v4.0 and 4.1).

Download free trial versions of the Integrity Virtual Machine and the Integrity VM Manager GUI (vmmgr) at our HP Integrity Essentials download page @: www.hp.com/go/tryintegrityessentials.

For more information on HP Partitioning Continuum, go to: http:/www.hp.com/go/partitions

HP Integrity Online VM Migration is a valuable capability for Integrity VM (HP-UX 11i v3 VM Host). It enables a running VM, its guest OS and its applications to be moved to a different VM Host without service interruption. They remain active without an OS reboot or application restart, and all I/O connections to storage and networks remain active throughout the migration.

HP Integrity Online VM Migration reduces downtime & costs, while increasing flexibility. It is useful for proactive maintenance and workload balancing.

For more information on HP Partitioning Continuum, go to: http:/www.hp.com/go/partitions

HP Secure Resource Partitions (SRP) is a software based virtualization technology bundled in HP-UX 11i that enables "secure" application stacking within one HP-UX 11i operating system image. SRP may be used to consolidate applications on a single OS image or to provide greater security and isolation around an existing application deployment. Secure Resource Partitions extends the PRM resource partitions with the capabilities of the Security Containment features included in HP-UX 11i.

With HP-UX 11i v3 Update 3, SRP v2 automates the lifecycle management of SRPs by integrating additional security and isolation features such as compartment file and networking access control , RBAC, IPFilter, IPSec, and per compartment login. SRP v2 also automates the configuration of SRP for key applications such as Oracle databases, Apache web servers and Secure Shell. SRP, Security Containment, and the HP Process Resource Manager are included with the HP-UX 11i Base Operating Environment.

For more information on HP Partitioning Continuum, go to: http:/www.hp.com/go/partitions

HP-UX 11i supports IPv6, the next generation internet protocol. The IPv6 implementation supports dual stacks (IPv4 and IPv6) to facilitate IPv6 deployment. This allows existing applications to coexist on both IPv4 and IPv6 networks. Application modification is required only when the application needs to take advantage of the new IPv6 features Some benefits of IPv6 are:

• Increased address space - IP address size increased from 32 bits to 128 bits, supporting many more addressable nodes and levels of addressing hierarchy
• Plug-and-Play address auto-configuration - A "link-local" IP address is automatically to allow immediate communication with directly connected hosts, printers, or other devices.
• IP security extensions for authentication, data integrity, and data confidentiality ensured by a standard header extension.
• Natural Mobility support through auto-configuration, routing headers, destination options, anycast address, encapsulation, security, and flow label management all contribute to IPv6's natural mobility support.

The B.11.31.0803 version of the IPv6Upgrade bundle supported the privacy extension to IPv6 auto-configuration feature, which is based on RFC 4941 (Privacy Extensions for Stateless Address Autoconfiguration in IPv6)

Starting with the B.11.31.0809 of the IPv6Upgrade bundle, the following new IPv6 functionalities are supported on HP-UX 11i v3:

• RFC 3484 - Default Address Selection for IPv6
• RFC 3810 - Multicast Listener Discovery Version 2
• RFC 3678 - Socket Extension to Multicast Source Filter API
• RFC 3493 - Basic Socket Interface Extensions for IPv6
• RFC 3542 - Advanced Sockets Application Program Interface for IPv6
• RFC 4193 - Unique Local IPv6 Unicast Addresses
• RFC 4213 - Basic Transition Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers
• RFC 4291 - IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture
• RFC 4443 - Internet Control Message Protocol for IPv6
• RFC 4584 - Extension to Socket API for Mobile IPv6
• RFC 4941 - Privacy Extensions for Stateless Address Autoconfiguration in IPv6
• Support for IPv6 over VLAN

IPv6 addresses are topologically correct, meaning IPv6 nodes attached to the same physical network or LAN segment must have the same IPv6 network address prefix. Mobile IPv6 allows Mobile Nodes, such as laptops and PDAs, to change network attachment points, remaining reachable at all times and with no disruption in network connectivity using a single, fixed IPv6 address for extended periods of time. Without Mobile IPv6, Mobile Nodes cannot use a single, fixed IPv6 address while they roam. Instead, each time a Mobile Node moves and changes network attachment points, it must manually re-configure a new IP address and default router based on its current location-temporarily losing its network connections and ability to communicate in the process.

With the rapid growth in networking traffic and the utilization of server resources near their capacity, Enterprise IT departments and ISPs are confronted with a dilemma in providing applications and users the guaranteed bandwidth to meet the service levels that they have signed up for. To address this business need, HP-UX IPQoS provides IETF DiffServ-compliant network quality of service controls for IP-based network communications.

HP-UX provides a multimedia infrastructure to be used for multimedia applications. The following lists the protocols that Multimedia Streaming Protocols (MSP) includes.
RTP
Real Time Transfer Protocol (RTP) is a transport protocol that provides end-to-end network transport functions for applications transmitting data with real-time properties, such as interactive audio and video. RTP consists of Real-Time Control Protocol (RTCP), a closely linked protocol, which provides a mechanism for reporting feedback on the transmitted real-time data.
RTSP
Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) controls the transfer of real-time media data and serves as a network-remote-control for multimedia sessions.
SDP
Session Description Protocol (SDP) describes the general real-time multimedia sessions

BIND, a Berkeley implementation of the Domain Name System (DNS), is a distributed network service that maps host names to Internet addresses and Internet addresses to host names, and facilitates Internet mail routing. BIND 9.3.2 version provides better security and manageability in the networking communications, and offers new features such as 'DNSSEC Implementation Based on RFC 4033, 4034, and 4035,' 'New Resource Records,' 'Transition Support for IPv4 and IPv6.'

Starting with C.9.3.2.5.0 version, the functionality related to Unique Local IPv6 Unicast Addresses is in accordance with RFC-4193 specification.

BSD Sockets is a set of programming development tools for inter-process communication. HP's implementation of BSD Sockets is a full set of sockets from the networking services originally developed by the University of California at Berkeley (UCB).

STREAMS/UX for the HP 9000 is Hewlett Packard's implementation of the AT&T de facto standard environment for communications protocols.
STREAMS/UX consists of the STREAMS environment, Transport Layer Interface (TLI), and XTI. TLI is an industry de facto standard application program interface for implementing transport-level communications by means of STREAMS-based network protocol stacks. HP also provides a Data Link Provider Interface (DLPI) adapter with the core operating system. DLPI is one industry standard definition for message communications to STREAMS-based network interface drivers.

The HP-UX 11i v3 networking stack automatically adapts to a range of enterprise networking requirements from low-bandwidth wireless environments to high-bandwidth, high throughput data center environments. There are several significant performance enhancements and optimizations as follows:

• Improved throughput with mobile clients by avoiding unnecessary TCP retransmissions due to varying response times.
• Improved throughput over congested networks by making the estimate of the network path's capacity more accurate.
• Tcphashsz tunable made auto-tunable so that the system can decide the optimal value of tcphashsz at boot time.
• Improved scalability and CPU utilization for high end systems involved significant reduction of spinlock usage and time spent within a spinlock (contention avoidance).
• Improved bandwidth with high speed network interfaces involved implementing NOSYNC capabilities in the STREAMS framework and the IP Lower STREAMS module.
• Improved CPU utilization on cell-based systems involved several different methods to reduce cache misses and the associated latency of retrieving memory across cross-bars.
• Enhancement to the TCP stack and a backward compatible extension to socket send(2) API to improve performance of short lived connections such as web traffic.

SCTP is a connection-oriented transport layer protocol that enables reliable transfer of data over IP-based networks. In an IP stack, it exists at a level equivalent to that of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). SCTP offers all the features that are supported by TCP and UDP. It also overcomes certain limitations in TCP and adopts the beneficial features of UDP. The HP implementation of SCTP is available as a web release on the HP-UX 11i v2 and HP-UX 11i v3 operating systems.

SCTP supports the following features:

• Multihoming
• Mulstreaming
• Conservation of Data Boundaries
• Support for IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
• Dynamic Address Reconfiguration
• Reporting Packet Drops to an Endpoint
• Support for ECN-Nonces
• Partially Reliable Data Transmission

See: http://h20392.www2.hp.com/portal/swdepot/displayProductInfo.do?productNumber=SCTP

HP-UX 11i Internet Express is a collection of the most popular and up-to-date open source based Internet, web, security services and tools, combined with a graphical administration utility for ease of management and easy installation of services and configuration. Included with every HP-UX 11i OE Media Kit, the Open Source software is pre-built, fully tested, and qualified for HP-UX 11i supported HP Integrity and HP 9000 systems.

The HP-UX 11i Internet Express software package consists of the most recognized security products, mail servers, news and chat servers, and a variety of tools for providing dynamic Web content.

All the Open Source Internet components and administration software included with the product are configured and available for use when the installation is complete. HP-UX 11i Internet Express can be installed using a command-line script or using a graphical user interface. Many of the HP-UX 11i Internet Express Open source components are configured through the HP-UX 11i Webmin-based administration utility. The HP-UX 11i Internet Express media is part of every OE media kit and the products that make up Internet Express are open source community supported products.

HP-UX 11i Internet Express is available on both HP Integrity and HP 9000 platforms.

HP-UX 11i operating environments implement the Secure Socket Layer (SSL v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) protocols using the OpenSSL Toolkit developed by the OpenSSL Project (http://www.openssl.org).

Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 140-2 OpenSSL libraries have been added to the OpenSSL product.

• Customers can now develop FIPS 140-2 certified applications using the FIPS libraries provided in the OpenSSL product.
• Libraries for both 32-bit and 64-bit application development are provided.

OpenSSL is supported on both HP 9000 and Integrity platforms.

HP APA, HP's link aggregation or trunking product, provides the ability to logically group two or more physical network ports into single "Fat Pipes", often called "trunks". Network traffic is load balanced across all of the links in the aggregation, which allows a customer to build large bandwidth logical links into the server that are highly available and completely transparent to the client and server applications. HP APA is available for HP-UX 11i v2 and v3, and is included in the Base OE for v3.

The LAN Monitor mode of HP APA provides a failover group capability with Serviceguard-like configuration tools. LAN Monitor does not support Serviceguard. In the event of link failure, LAN Monitor will automatically migrate the data flow from the primary link to one of the standby links in the failover group.

HP has tested switches from the following vendors to work with HP APA:

• 3Com
• Cisco
• HP
• Foundry
• Alteon
• Nortel
• Extreme

HP Fortran is a modern, powerful mathematical and scientific language that supports array-handling, data abstraction, and data hiding. HP Fortran is available on both HP Integrity and HP 9000 servers, and includes the following features:

• Full Fortran 95 compiler, based on International ANSI/ISO standards
• Full OpenMP v2.0
• Object-oriented Fortran feature optimizations
• Math intrinsic inlining support
• Standard Fortran library
• Native and cross compilers for HP Integrity and HP 9000 systems
• HP WDB debugger support
• HP Caliper

HP Fortran products are increasingly the language of choice for software engineers writing scientific applications and who demand superior run-time performance, code portability, and programmer productivity.

The HP C/ANSI C Developer's Bundle and HP aC++ compiler products for HP-UX are now combined into a single product: the HP C/aC++ Developer's Bundle. The new product includes all of the components of the original products and more; all for one price with consistent per-CPU license terms on all components. The developers' bundle is sold separately for use with HP-UX 11i v3 OEs.

The HP C/aC++ Developer's Bundle provides the tools for compiling, linking, and debugging C and C++ programs. It also includes performance analysis tools, code analysis tools, and the HP-UX Developer's Toolkit. This product runs on HP-UX 11i for both HP Integrity and HP 9000 systems.

The HP C/aC++ Developer's Bundle includes:

• HP C/ANSI C compiler
• HP aC++ compiler
• HP-UX developer's toolkit
• HP WDB debugger (HP supported version of Gnu GDB debugger)
• HP Caliper performance analyzer
• HP Code Advisor (cadvise) analysis tool

This new offering will make it easier to order, upgrade, install, and maintain your compiler products.

The latest version of the compilers is 6.20. A major new feature within the compiler is the support for Decimal floating-point arithmetic (11iv3 only). Decimal floating-point feature has the following sub-features:

• Built-in standard arithmetic operators
• C99 math functions and macros
• Functions for I/O and string conversion
• Function to encode and decode data in either of IEEE 754 encodings

Debugger support for Decimal Floating-Point

HP Caliper is a general purpose performance analysis tool for applications, processes and systems. It monitors the execution of an application and identifies ways to improve performance. It has both a command line interface as well as a GUI, which can be used interchangeably. Caliper with ktrace is included with the Base OE (BOE) and higher OEs. HP Caliper Version 5.0 is the latest release. The new features in this version include:

• Ability to create reports on one system and view them on another, including different OSes
• Enhancement to report CPU and I/O usage
• Kernel tracing facility (ktrace) to report on kernel activity
• Performance Monitoring Unit (PMU) services library that allows Caliper to share the processor's PMU

The new ktrace functionality is built in to Caliper and provides the following capabilities:

• Ability to trace data on callers, callees, arguments, absolute and elapsed time
• Report symbolically on lock names, system calls, variable names and traps
• Customize the trace points with choice of granularity (functions, modules and libraries)
• Provide flexible selection of traces: single process, multiple processes and even outside the process

HP Code Advisor is a static analysis tool that finds coding errors in C and C++ programs. Beyond finding coding errors, this tool also enables programmers to identify porting issues, and security vulnerabilities. The latest version is C.01.17 and includes the following features:

• Performance Advisory diagnostics to detect potential performance issues
• Enhancements to the program complexity metrics
• Option to generate XML reports
• New diagnostic to detect uncaught exceptions
• Option to modify default severity level of the diagnostics
• Improved report tool time

HP Code Advisor Version C.02.05 is the latest version.

The HP WDB debugger is an HP-supported implementation of the GDB debugger. It supports source-level debugging of object files written in HP C, HP aC++, Fortran 90, and FORTRAN77.

HPWDB 6.0 is the recommended debugger for HP-UX 11i. Other debuggers, such as xdb and HP DDE, are no longer supported.

Perl is an interpreted programming language often used for Unix script development. Perl provides powerful text processing facilities and a rich set of extensions for supporting a variety of external services and data formats. HP-UX Perl includes Active State Perl, which contains a rich set of Perl library modules, the Perl debugger, and man pages.

The HP-UX Java Development Kit (JDK) for the Java™ Platform Standard Edition (J2SE) provides the programming tools and runtime environment which allow customers to deploy Java technology with the best performance on HP Integrity and HP 9000 servers running HP-UX 11i v1, HP-UX 11i v2, or HP-UX 11i v3. HP supports the three most recent versions of Java: the J2SE 1.4.2 SDK , Java SE 5.0 JDK, and Java SE 6.0 JDK.

HP's Java SE features include:

• 32-bit and 64-bit Hotspot 6.0 Virtual Machine
• Standard Java™ SE JDK tools
• Core API support
• HP technology enhancements to enable greater performance
• New JVM monitoring & management API
• HP Integrity and HP 9000 support

In addition, HP provides several valuable Java tools, which are free, downloadable from HP's Java website, and are available for use with all of HP's Java SE releases.

HPjmeter is the 100% pure Java tool for analyzing profiling information generated by the Java Virtual Machine in Java SE. Measure, view, and improve Java™ application performance with HPjmeter, with both offline analysis and real-time monitoring modes. HPjmeter is also a Java Garbage Collection (GC) visualization tool for analyzing garbage collection activity in a Java program. HPjmeter Version 3.1.0.00 is the latest version, providing numerous new capabilities and improved usability features, including viewing of binary heap dump files and faster plotting of large data files.

HPjconfig is a tool for configuring HP-UX 11i HP Integrity and HP 9000 systems to run Java workloads. It aids system administrators in configuring the recommended OS patches and system kernel parameters to match the characteristics of the applications running on the system. HPjconfig provides kernel parameter recommendations tailored to a customer's Java enterprise services (Web server, Application Server, etc.) and HP-UX hardware platform. It offers save and restore functions for easy distribution of tailored recommendations across multiple systems. HPjconfig is supported on all versions of HP-UX 11i, on both HP Integrity and HP 9000 systems.

Java Out-of-Box is a stand-alone bundle that that configures the system for running typical Java server applications. Upon installation, Java Out-of-Box will install startup (RC) scripts, modify kernel parameters, rebuild the kernel, and reboot the system. The startup scripts will then modify system tunables, thus providing better "out of the box" behavior for Java.

Shipped with every HP-UX 11i release for Integrity servers, ARIES is a binary translator that automatically executes PA-RISC applications on Integrity servers running HP-UX 11i. Applications that run on HP 9000 systems, when copied to an Integrity server running HP-UX 11i, will run. The ARIES technology does not require recompilation of the code. More details about Aries including whitepapers, documentation, etc. can be found at: http://www.hp.com/go/aries.

NOTE: On Integrity servers, HP 9000 and HP Integrity applications and libraries cannot be mixed. To port or simply qualify an application on Integrity servers, make sure that the libraries for this platform are available.

HP Integrity and HP 9000 binaries cannot be mixed in any one executable.

HP MLIB is a package of high-performance mathematical software in the form of subroutine libraries. The MLIB product is designed for use by software engineers who develop, port, or optimize engineering or scientific programs. These programs rely heavily on computational kernels such as the Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms, linear algebra computations (solving linear equations or eigenvalue problems), discrete Fourier transforms, or convolutions. Using MLIB will save you the effort of developing, testing, or optimizing these algorithms.

Included in this bundle are subprogram libraries containing software for:

• Dense vector operations, including the Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS)
• Sparse vector and matrix operations, including the Sparse BLAS
• Matrix operations, including the Level 2 and Level 3 BLAS
• Linear equation solution, including LAPACK
• Eigensystem solution, including LAPACK
• Parallel linear equation solution using MPI, including ScaLAPACK
• Parallel eigensystem solution using MPI, including ScaLAPACK
• Parallel sparse nonsymmetric linear systems solution using MPI, including SuperLU_DIST
• Sparse symmetric and structurally-symmetric linear equation solutions
• Full METIS functionality
• Sparse symmetric ordinary and generalized eigensystem solutions
• Discrete Fourier transforms
• Convolution and correlation
• Miscellaneous tasks, such as sorting and generating random numbers

The HP Software Transition Kit contains tools and documentation to help transition applications from older to newer versions of HP-UX, from Tru64 Unix to HP-UX and from Linux to HP-UX. More specifically HP-UX STK supports application transition from older version to newer versions of HP-UX. STKT supports application transition from Tru64 UNIX to HP-UX transition. STKL supports Linux to HP-UX application transition. The HP STK assists with topics such as:

New features in the latest HP-UX release and how to take advantage of them:

• Deciding on 32-bit or 64-bit version of applications.
• Qualifying software (for example, run a 10.x executable on HP-UX 11.x) versus porting (create a new HP-UX executable on the destination platform).
• Transitioning software to Integrity processors.

An STK consists of:

• a set of file scanning tools with associated database and information, which checks source files, makefiles, and scripts for identifiers which may indicate transition problems
• a library of useful documents
• A search engine which searches the man pages, impacts and documents
• HTML formatted man pages or links to HTML formatted man pages on: http://docs.hp.com/.

Memory can be configured into "interleaved" and "cell local" memory. Interleaved memory is a hardware-provided feature that mixes memory from different cells with a very fine granularity. This has the effect of spreading out memory accesses and eliminating "hot spots." Cell local memory provides faster access to processes running on the same cell as the memory, but slower access to processes running on any other cell.

The system administrator has the ability to configure how much memory will be interleaved and how much will be cell local via the command line (parcreate or parmodify) or Partition Manager GUI (parmgr).

Applications can control which locality they execute in using the locality binding and launch policy features.

HP-UX systems support the Bourne Shell, the C Shell, the POSIX Shell, and the Korn Shell command interpreters.

HP-UX 11i uses an SVR4-compatible loader to dynamically load shared libraries. This loader provides SVR4 symbol resolution semantics, including symbol preemption.

The COFF object file format is supported for all forms of object files.

HP-UX 11i provides a Data Link Provider Interface to allow applications to directly use the data link layer services in order to interact directly with the network device drivers.

Dynamically Loadable Kernel Module (DLKM) provides the means to add a device driver to a running UNIX system without rebooting the system or rebuilding the kernel. This feature also makes it possible to dynamically remove a device driver from the UNIX system when the driver is no longer needed, thereby freeing system resources for other use.

The DLKM feature not only provides the infrastructure to load drivers into a running kernel, but it also allows a driver to be statically linked into the kernel. Simply setting a flag in one of the driver's configuration files determines whether a driver is to be configured as dynamically loadable or statically linked.

For HP-UX 11i v3:

DLKM of I/O drivers is available with HP-UX 11i v3 September 2007 OEUR.

The Single UNIX Specification is an industry standard promulgated by the Open Group . The Open Group* has released three versions of this specification starting with UNIX 95 in 1994. The UNIX 98 version was released in the first half of 1998. The UNIX 2003 version was released in 2002. While the Single UNIX Specification is a software, not a hardware standard, version 3 of HP-UX 11i is branded UNIX 95 on the HP 9000 platform and UNIX 2003 on the Integrity platform.

Since 1996, HP-UX has been branded with the UNIX 95 profile. The HP-UX11i releases of HP-UX are all branded to this specification.

*http://www.opengroup.org

HP-UX 11i conforms to the IEEE Standard 1003.1-2004 Edition, and to the Federal Information Processing Standard, FIPS 151-2.

Information Technology-Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX®)-Part 1: System Application: Program Interface (API) [C Language].

Subsumed by UNIX 2003.

Subsumed by IEEE Standard 1003-1, 2004 Edition.

Subsumed by IEEE Standard 1003-1, 2004 Edition.

HP-UX 11i is based on the UNIX System V Release 3.2 operating system and includes important features from the Fourth Berkeley Software Distribution. It has been extended to support SVID-3 BASE and SVID-3 KERNEL EXTENSIONS.

HP-UX 11i provides a real-time user and programming environment that complies with the IEEE1003.1-2004 standard. Support is provided for:

• Real-time clocks and timers
• Real-time queued signals
• Fixed-priority scheduling policies
• Real-time scheduler priorities
• Counting semaphores
• Shared memory
• Process memory locking
• Asynchronous I/O
• Synchronized I/O
• Process communications facilities
• Thread-safe implementation of real-time libraries

HP MPI is an implementation of the MPI standard for HP systems. Engineers from the High Performance Technical Computing Lab of Hewlett-Packard have developed a high-performance, robust, high-quality, native implementation of MPI for HP servers and workstations.

HP MPI uses OS-specific enhancements to provide low latency and high bandwidth point-to-point and collective communication routines. It supports multi-protocol execution of MPI applications on clusters of shared-memory servers. HP MPI supports 32- and 64-bit applications, single- and multi-threaded, and provides tools to debug and instrument MPI execution.

HP-UX 11i supports symmetric multiprocessing (SMP), which enables systems with two or more processors to execute the same copy of the operating system, access common memory, and execute instructions simultaneously. SMP functionality fully exploits the additional compute capabilities of multiple processors.

HP-UX 11i provides software developers the ability to write multithreaded programs that take full advantage of SMP using POSIX Threads. POSIX Threads provide a pthreads interface that complies with the POSIX 1003.1c semantics. The POSIX Threads implementation provides user space threads that are supported by and cooperate with the threaded kernel of HP-UX 11i in a comprehensive two-level scheduling model that transparently maintains full concurrency when a thread blocks. In addition, for building libraries whose routines can be called in either a single-threaded or multi-threaded context, POSIX Threads provide a thread-independent services (TIS) interface.

HP-UX 11i provides a full complement of dynamic shared libraries based on System V semantics, which increase system performance, reduce minimum hardware requirements, and ease system management. HP-UX 11i also provides static versions of most of these libraries.

QuickSpecs for HP Integrity servers and for HP 9000 systems describe how to configure and order the systems that run HP-UX 11i.
The HP-UX 11i Operating System can execute on supported HP 9000 and HP Integrity systems and must include the following minimum system configuration:

• Minimum main memory - 2 GB for HP-UX 11i v3
  
• Minimum swap space on disk - 1 GB
  
• The minimum disk space requirement for installing the HP-UX 11i Operating System is 1 GB to accommodate the EFI Boot Disk and the HP Service Partition.

Combinations of hardware options are subject to limitations, such as bandwidth, physical configuration constraints, and electrical load and power supply.

HP reserves the right to change the number and type of devices supported by HP-UX 11i. The minimum hardware requirements for future versions and updates of HP-UX 11i may be different from current requirements. Please check the platform specific requirements:

For HP Integrity server options: http://h20341.www2.hp.com/integrity/cache/342360-0-0-0-121.html
For HP 9000 server options: http://www.hp.com/products1/servers/HP9000_family_overview.html.

Supported HP Integrity server models
The current Integrity server family models supported by HP-UX 11i are listed below. Additional HP Integrity server models will be added to the supported models list as they are introduced.

• HP Integrity Superdome
• rx8620/rx8640
• rx7620/rx7640
• rx6600*
• rx3600*
• rx4640
• rx5670
• rx2660*
• rx2620/rx2600
• rx1620/rx1600
• cx2620/cx2600
• BL860c
• BL870c
  

Supported HP 9000 server models
The current HP 9000 server family models supported by HP-UX 11i are listed below. Additional HP 9000 server models will be added to the supported models list as they are introduced.

• HP 9000 Superdome
• rp8440/ rp8420/rp8400
• rp7440/ rp7420 / rp7410 / rp7405
• rp4440/ rp4410
• rp3440 / rp3410
  

* Supported with initial HP-UX 11i v3 release with PCI-X option, PCI Express (PCIe) support with HP-UX 11i v3 Update 1 released in September 2007.

The following hardware platforms are no longer supported:

HP Integrity Server platforms:

• Itanium-1 based servers (Merced):
• Rx4610, rx9610
• No HSC, EISA, HPPB

HP Integrity Workstation platforms:

• Itanium-1 based WS (Merced):
• I2000
• No HSC, EISA, HPPB

HP 9000 Server platforms:

• All 32-bit servers (incl. 32-bit A-class servers - A180, A180C)
• All D-class servers
• All R-class servers
• All E-class servers
• All K-class servers
• All T-class servers
• All V-class servers
• No HSC, EISA, HPPB

HP 9000 workstations are no longer supported.

The HP-UX 11i Version 3 Release Notes (available at: http://docs.hp.com/hpux/os/11iv3/index.html) provides a complete list of supported network and mass storage drivers, and SCSI devices.

Temporary Instant Capacity provides 30 processor core days of prepaid activation time for Instant Capacity processors. A processor core day equals 24 hours of activation for one processor core. Accounting is done in 30 minute intervals and there is no expiration date on the TiCAP license.With this option, processors may be activated and deactivated as needed without a need for a reboot. TiCAP also includes temporary licenses for all HP-UX Operating Environments and OpenVMS Foundation, Enterprise and Mission Critical Operating Environments, the HP Virtual Server Environment Suite, and temporary hardware and software support. TiCAP is applied at the server level and can be used to temporarily activate any number of Instant Capacity processor cores in the complex.

GiCAP is a unique HP differentiator that allows servers to loan resources to each other, optimizing resource utilization and reducing over-provisioning. Just as Instant Capacity can migrate resources between partitions within a server, GiCAP allows resources to be migrated between partitions on different servers, regardless of where those servers are located. In the event of a partition failure, hardware usage rights and the Operating Environment and VSE Suite software licenses used by that partition can be migrated to a failover partition on another server with the same or subset OE. These migrated usage rights and software licenses can then be used to activate idle Instant Capacity resources on the failover partition. GiCAP also facilitates load balancing across servers, disaster recovery and even allows TiCAP to be shared with other servers in the group.

There is no premium pricing for iCAP. At any given time, the Instant Capacity hardware purchase fee plus the Right to Use (which activates the iCAP hardware) is equal to the purchase price of the equivalent active hardware component.

Easy to implement, activate, and afford, iCAP supports both current and future customers, can be installed on existing servers, and will be available on all future midrange and high end Integrity platforms. It can be ordered pre-installed on new servers and thus can be delivered "ready to go."

The iCAP program is extremely flexible. A customer does not need to order a full complement of processors and cells, and can order any combination of traditional and iCAP components up to the full capacity of the system. This flexibility is vital for those who may be limited by environmental considerations such as power and cooling.

The unique HP Pay per use (PPU) solution is designed for businesses with widely varying or unpredictable demand for computing resources. With Pay per use, customers pay a variable monthly bill for HP Integrity servers running HP-UX, Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003/2007, Linux (Redhat or Suse), OpenVMS, or all four and HP 9000 servers running HP-UX based on core utilization. Two usage metrics are available to compute core utilization: Percent Core and Active Core (HP-UX and OpenVMS only). The following servers are currently available under Pay per use:

Superdome
rx8640/rx7640
rp8440/rp7440

The automated metering technology is simple to use, meets customer needs for security, and has negligible impact on operations. Server agents periodically collect utilization data for individual cores and forward this data to a utility meter that securely sends it to HP over the Internet using encrypted messages via email or HTTPS.
Pricing

There is no premium required for Pay per use. The total payment guaranteed to be no more than a reference lease.

The licenses for the HP-UX 11i Operating Environments provide the right to use the software as described in these QuickSpecs. Customers will receive updates to new versions of HP-UX 11i if they have a software contract that includes Rights to New Versions (RTNV). Customers with no support contract are required to purchase the license to update to later versions.

A variety of service options are available from HP. For more information, please see the HP-UX 11i services page on http://hp.com or contact your local HP office.

© Copyright 2009 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation and its subsidiaries in the U.S. and other countries. Java and SUN are U.S. trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark of the Open Group. The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein.