contents
 Overview      Product Highlights      Specifications line.gif (50 bytes)

Overview

Linux Operating System

 
NOTE: HP no longer sells RHEL and SLES on Integrity servers. HP will continue to support RHEL 5 on Integrity servers until Red Hat's end of support life date for RHEL 5 (March 31st, 2017). HP will continue to support SLES 10 on Integrity until June 30th, 2013; an 18 months advance notification will be provided for end of support of SLES 11 on Integrity. For more details, please contact your HP representative.
 
For Integrity servers, HP currently supports several Linux distribution versions from the two major vendors: Red Hat (Red Hat Enterprise Linux [RHEL]) and Novell (SUSE Linux Enterprise Server [SLES]).

This section is organized as follows:

  • Useful Web Sites
  • Linux Certification Matrix
  • I/O Compatibility
  • Linux Storage Connectivity
  • Configuration Limits for Integrity Cell based Servers by Distribution
  • HP Integrity Essentials Foundation Pack for Linux
  • Registering and installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
  • SUSE Linux Enterprise Linux Product Features
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Product Features
  • RHEL 5.2 and Virtualization
  • Ordering RHEL, SLES, HPIEFPL for HP Integrity servers
  • Delivery Options for Red Hat and SUSE Linux OS Distributions
  • Red Hat Media Kit
  • Downloading Red Hat and SUSE from the Web
  • HP Integrity Virtual Machine (Integrity VM)
  • HP Linux Services

Useful Web Sites

For additional information, see the following web sites:


Linux Certification Matrix

Last updated May 1, 2009
For the most recent table, see: http://www.hp.com/go/lxintegritycert

Server
Red Hat
SUSE
 
RHEL 5
RHEL 4
RHEL 3
SLES 11
SLES10
SLES 9
BL860c
 
 
BL870c
rx1600
 
rx1620
rx2600
 
rx2620 (dual-core)
 
rx2620 (single-core)
rx2660
rx3600
 
 
rx4640 (dual-core)
 
rx4640 (single-core)
rx6600
 
 
rx5670
 
 
 
rx7620
rx7640
 
 
rx8620
rx8640
 
 
Superdome (sx1000)
Superdome (sx2000)
 
NOTES:
Vendor certified and HP supported

I/O Compatibility
Last updated March 1, 2009
Integrity Servers-Montecito/Montvale Processor based
Product Number
I/O Card Description
sx2000
rx8640
rx7640
rx6600
rx3600
rx2660
BL870c
BL860c
FC
403619-B21
HP BLc QLogic QMH2462 FC HBA Opt Kit
 
 
 
 
 
 
Y
Y
A8002A
HP FC2142SR 4GB PCI-e HBA
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
A8003A
HP FC2242SR PCI-e DC HBA
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
AB379A
HP PCI-X 2.0 2Port 4Gb Fibre Channel HBA Qlogic
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
AB379B
HP PCI-X 2.0 2Port 4Gb Fibre Channel HBA Qlogic
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
AB429A
1-port 4Gb FC Qlogic (Windows/Linux)
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
AD167A
1-port 4Gb FC Emulex (Windows/Linux)
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
AD168A
2-port 4Gb FC Emulex (Windows/Linux)
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
AD300A 2-port 4Gb FC Qlogic PCI-e
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
AE311A 1-port 4Gb FC Qlogic PCI-e
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
LAN 
447883-B21 4-port GbE Mezz            
Y
Y
A7011A PCI-X 2 port 1000Base-SX Gigabit Adptr Y Y Y Y Y Y    
A9899A
Win/Linux 2 port 1000Base-SX Giga Adptr
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
A9900A
Win/Linux 2 port 1000Base-T Giga Adptr
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
AB290A HP PCI-X 2p 1000BT, 2p U320 SCSI Adptr     Y          
AD144A
Win/Linux 133MHz 10GbE SR Fiber Adapter
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
AD337A
HP PCIe 2-port 1000Base-T Card
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
AD338A
HP PCIe 2-port 1000Base-SX Card
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
AD385A
HP PCI-X 266MHz 10GigE SR Card
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
SCSI
A7173A
HP Dual Channel Ultra320 SCSI Adapter
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
USB
A6869B
HP Servers Graphics USB PCI Card*
Y
Y
Y
 
 
 
 
 
AD307A HP Lights Out Advanced KVM Card* Y Y Y          
RAID
 
337972-B21
HP Smart Array P600 Controller
 
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
372538 B21 Smart Array 512 MB Memory Upgrade  
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
   
A9890A
HP Smart Array 6402/128MB Controller
Y
Y
Y
 
 
 
 
 
AD335A
HP Smart Array P800 Controller
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
AH226A
HP PCIe Smart Array E500 SAS Controller
 
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
 
 
SAS
431643-B21 HP BLc PCIe Mezz pass-thru
 
 
 
 
 
 
Y
Y

* Linux only supports the USB functionality of the AD307A HP Lights Out Advanced KVM card and the A6869B Graphics USB PCI card

 
Integrity Servers-Madison Processor Based
Product Number
I/O Card Description
Superdome (sx1000)
rx8620
rx7620
rx5670
rx4640
rx2620
rx2600
rx1620
rx1600
Mass Storage
A7059APCI Ultra160 SCSI
A7060APCI 2-port Ultra160 SCSI
A7173APCI 2-channel Ultra320 SCSI
 
A9825A2-channel Smart Array 5302 128 MB
 
 
 
 
 
A9826A4-channel Smart Array 5304 256 MB
 
 
 
 
 
A9890APCI-X 2-channel Smart Array 6402
 
A6826APCI X 2 channel 2 Gb/s Fiber Channel
A7538APCI X 1 port 2 Gb Fiber Channel
 
 
 
AD168A2-port 4-Gb Fiber Channel
 
 
 
 
 
 
AD167A1-port 4-Gb Fiber Channel
 
 
 
 
 
 
AB379A2-port 4-Gb Fiber Channel
 
 
 
 
 
 
AB379B2 port 4 Gb Fiber Channel
      
AB429A1-port 4-Gb Fiber Channel
 
 
 
 
 
 
337972-B21Smart Array P600 Controller 1
 
 
1
1
 
1
 
372538-B21Smart Array 512-MB Memory Upgrade
 
 
 
 
Local Area Network (LAN)
A5506BPCI 4-port 100Base-TX
A7061APCI 1-port 1000Base-T

A7073APCI 1-port 1000Base-SX
A9899APCI 2-port 1000Base-SX
 
 
 
A9900APCI 2-port 1000Base-TX
 
 
 
AD144AWindows®/Linux 133-MHz 10-Gigabit Ethernet SR Fiber Adapter
 
1
1
 
1
 
AD145AWindows/Linux 4-port 1000Base-T Gigabit Adapter
 
 
 

1The 337972 B21 Smart Array controller cannot be installed with the AD144A 10-Gigabit Ethernet card on rx1620, rx2620, and rx4640.

contents
 Overview      Product Highlights      Specifications line.gif (50 bytes)

Product Highlights

Linux Storage Connectivity
For a quick reference guide to currently shipping HP Integrity servers, storage, and host bus adapters (HBAs), see http://www.hp.com/products1/serverconnectivity/support_matrices.html.

Configuration Limits for Integrity Cell Based Servers by Distribution
 
Hard Partitions on Linux Systems

A hard partition (nPartition) physically divides a computer into electrically isolated system partitions. The firmware of a cellular server allows individual control of each nPartition in the complex; thus, each nPartition can execute a single operating system image, independent of all other nPartitions. An operating system instance running in an nPartition is completely isolated from failures that occur in any other nPartition in the system. Applications that run within the various nPartitions are not affected by hardware or software events that occur in other nPartitions. Each nPartition can execute a single operating system image and can enable other nPartitions to execute different versions of the same operating system or of other operating systems.

The following are attributes of nPartitions:

  • Supported on all HP Integrity cell-based systems: HP Integrity Superdome (sx2000), Superdome (sx1000/Madison), Integrity rx8640, rx8620, and Integrity rx7640, rx7620 servers
  • Provide for electrical isolation and isolates hardware failures to the specific nPartition
  • Each nPartition has independent processor, memory, and I/O resources allocated
  • Enable multiple operating systems and operating system versions to run on the same physical system
  • Provide increased or decreased available memory, CPU count, and I/O capability by adding or deleting cells to a partition
  • Hard partitions can be configured to be as small as one cell or encompass all cells (processors, memory, and I/O resources) in the complex
  • Configuration changes generally require a server reboot, depending on the configuration change
  • Majority of hardware upgrades require that only the operating system instances that reside in the directly affected hardware partitions need to be off line for the upgrade

Maximum Sockets/Cores/Threads per nPartition
Integrity Server
RHEL5/RHEL 4
SLES 11
SLES 101
SLES 9
Superdome (sx2000)
64s/128c/256t
64/128/256
64s/128c/256t1
Not available
Superdome (sx1000/Madison)
16s
Not available
16s
16s
rx8640
16s/32c
16/32/64
16s/32c
Not available
rx8620
16s
Not available
16s
16s
rx7640
8s/16c
8/16/32
8s/16c
Not available
rx7620
8s
Not available
8s
8s

 

Maximum Memory per nPartition
Integrity Server2
RHEL5/RHEL 4
SLES 11
SLES 10
SLES 9
Superdome (sx2000/Montecito)
2 TB/nPartition (4 GB DIMM)
2TB
2 TB/nPartition(4 GB DIMM)
Not available
Superdome (sx1000/Madison)
256 GB/nPartition
(2 GB DIMM)
Not available
256 GB/nPartition
(2 GB DIMM)
256 GB/nPartition
(2 GB DIMM)
rx8640
512 GB/nPartition (8 GB DIMM)
512 GB
512 GB/nPartition (4 GB DIMM)
Not available
rx8620
256 GB/nPartition (4 GB DIMM)
Not available
256 GB/nPartition (4 GB DIMM)
256 GB/nPartition (4 GB DIMM)
rx7640
256 GB/nPartition( 8 GB DIMM)
256 GB
128 GB/nPartition (4 GB DIMM)
Not available
rx7620
128 GB/nPartition (4 GB DIMM)
Not available
128 GB/nPartition (4 GB DIMM)
128 GB/nPartition (4 GB DIMM)
1 Linux requires a minimum of 4 GB of memory per nPartition.

NOTES:

  • Hard partitions can span multiple cabinets.
  • A minimum of one CD or DVD drive per nPartition is recommended.

PCI-X Slot Matrix
Integrity Server Maximum Slots per I/O Chassis Maximum I/O Chassis per nPartition
Superdome (sx2000)
12 slots
8
Superdome (sx1000/Madison)
12 slots
2
rx8640
8 slots
4
rx8620
8 slots
2
rx7640
8 slots
2
rx7620
8 slots
2

HP Integrity Essentials Foundation Pack for Linux
The HP Integrity Essentials Foundation Pack for Linux (HPIEFPL) contains software designed to simplify the installation, configuration, and management of Linux on HP Integrity Serversin a data center. HPIEFPL simplifies tasks such as system and disk partitioning, and prepares your system for installing either the RHEL or SLES distribution. For more information about HPIEFPL, see: http://www.hp.com/go/integritylinuxessentials

The Smart Setup application is bootable media that HP recommends you use prior to installing the operating system distribution. This application media contains the latest documentation, firmware, and tools to help configure and optimize your system. Smart Setup provides tools to help with the following:

  • Identifying system hardware inventory
  • Configuring system internal storage arrays and adapters
  • Installing hardware diagnostics tools
  • Launching the appropriate Red Hat or Novell distribution installer

The Support Pack of HPIEFPL includes HP value added software that can be used to either integrate with existing system management solutions or directly manage an HP Integrity server. After you install the Linux distribution of choice, use the Management media to install additional tools, HP Insight Management Agents, HP WBEM providers, and HP System Management Homepage (HP SMH).

The Support Pack also includes the HP Systems Insight Manager (HP SIM) for x86 based Windows or Linux systems. This tool can be used to consolidate the management of all Windows and Linux systems (both 32 and 64 bit) systems in the data center.

Smart Setup media:

  • Recovery Shell
  • System Inventory ESBU

Support Pack media:

  • nPartition Providers
  • nPartition Commands
  • SNMP Agents HPIMA
  • Net SNMP (OS patch)
  • Open Pegasus
  • HP Management Base (includes Open IPMI)
  • HP System Management Homepage
  • WBEM instances and providers
  • HP Systems Insight Manager (Windows)
  • HP Systems Insight Manager (Linux)

x86 Linux/Windows Management Tools media:

  • HP Systems Insight Manager (Windows)
  • HP Systems Insight Manager (Linux)

Updates to software and documentation and additional tools and software are available from the following web sites:


Registration and installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
To register and install Red Hat Enterprise Linux:
  1. Register and login at: http://www.redhat.com/rhn
  2. Please refer to Red Hat's RHEL documentation (release notes, installation guides) at:
    http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/ for installation instructions.

To register and install SUSE Linux Enterprise Server:

  1. Register and login at: http://www.novell.com/center
  2. Please refer to Novell's SLES documentation (release notes, installation guides) at:
    http://www.novell.com/documentation/suse.html for installation instructions.

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Product FeaturesFor this information please see http://www.novell.com/products/server/.

SLES 11 and Virtualization support and documentation For information on virtualization support on SLES 11, please http://www.novell.com/products/server/virtualization.html and http://www.novell.com/linux/virtualization/

All documentation related to SUSE Linux Enterprise Server is available at http://www.novell.com/documentation/suse.html


Red Hat Enterprise Linux Product Features For this information please see http://www.redhat.com/rhel/server/
contents
 Overview      Product Highlights      Specifications line.gif (50 bytes)

Specifications

Ordering RHEL, SLES and HPIEFPL for HP Integrity servers

 

Description
Product
Number
Option Number
HP Integrity Essentials Foundation Pack for Linux
A set of media that contain essential software needed to install, configure, and manage Integrity servers with Linux.
T2387AA
 
Ship Essentials Foundation Pack with system.
 
B01
NOTE: Selection of B01 ensures that the kit is shipped with the system. Factory installation is not available.
 
 
 

Red Hat and SUSE Product Numbers (new bundled versionless product numbers)

Red Hat and SUSE Linux from HP includes these elements:
  • Software, Subscription License and documentation
    • Software Updates part of the annual subscription
    • End customers register with Red Hat or Novell for software maintenance and updates
  • HP Support Service Agreement - One year or three year HP Phone-in support in bundled with each Red Hat and/or SUSE subscription license
  • Media Kit is available optionally for Red Hat -OS and documentation can be delivered via media kit or downloaded from Red Hat. With the introduction of SLES 11, HP and Novell have moved to e-delivery mechanism. No media kits would be used to deliver SLES.
  • New Linux product numbers bundles Linux OS and HP Phone-in Support Service
  • Replaces existing the product structure that had enforced the ordering of a HP Support service product with the Linux OS product through the Watson order management system
  • New products also separates the Linux OS subscription license from media
  • Will be used for ordering RHEL 5, RHEL 4, SLES 11
  • New RHEL product numbers BC317A, BC320A, BC323A, BC326A, BC329A, BC332A, BC335A, BC338A, BC341A, BC344A, BC347A & BC350A replace BA822A & BA823A.
  • New RHEL product numbers BA822A, BA823A and BA824A replace T2763AA and T2764AA
  • New SLES product numbers BA827A and BA828A replaces T2032AA
 
Description
Product
Number
Option Number
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server, 2-Socket (License and Support)
   
Unlimited Guest, 1-year 24x7 OS License and HP Support
BC317A  
Unlimited Guest, 1-year 9x5 OS License and HP Support
BC320A
 
Unlimited Guest, 3-year 24x7 OS License and HP Support
BC323A  
Unlimited Guest, 3-year 9x5 OS License and HP Support
BC326A  
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server, 4-Socket (License and Support)
   
Unlimited Guest, 1-year 24x7 OS License and HP Support

BC329A

 
Unlimited Guest, 1-year 9x5 OS License and HP Support

BC332A

 
Unlimited Guest, 3-year 24x7 OS License and HP Support

BC335A

 
Unlimited Guest, 3-year 9x5 OS License and HP Support

BC338A

 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server, 8, 16 & 32-Socket (License and Support)
   
Unlimited Guest, 1-year 24x7 OS License and HP Support
BC341A
 
Unlimited Guest, 1-year 9x5 OS License and HP Support
BC344A
 
Unlimited Guest, 3-year 24x7 OS License and HP Support
BC347A
 
Unlimited Guest, 3-year 9x5 OS License and HP Support BC350A  
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Media
Includes media kit. If media product is not ordered, customer must download Red Hat OS directly from Red Hat.

BA822A

 
RHEL 4 Update 5 for all Servers
  45L
RHEL 4 Update 5 for 2-Socket Server
  452
RHEL 5 Update 2
  502
DVD Media   AJR
Novell SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Subscription
Includes subscription license for OS software updates from Novell Customer Center. Also includes HP phone-in support.
BA961A
 
1-year 9×5 OS License and HP Support
 
195
1-year 7×24 OS License and HP Support
 
124
3-year 9×5 OS License and HP Support
 
395
3-year 7×24 OS License and HP Support
 
324
Novell SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Subscription E-LTU
Includes subscription license for OS software updates from Novell Customer Center. Also includes HP phone-in support.
NOTE: Electronic Delivery is available in AMS, EMEA, Singapore, India & Australia.
BA961AAE  
1-year 9×5 OS License and HP Support
  195
1-year 7×24 OS License and HP Support
  124
3-year 9×5 OS License and HP Support
  395
3-year 7×24 OS License and HP Support   324
NOTES:
1. RHEL 5.3 and RHEL 4.7 are minor releases and do not ship with the media kit. The customer can purchase the subscription for RHEL 5.2 or RHEL 4.6 respectively and then upgrade from the Red Hat website.
2. Need to use two 8-socket RHEL subscriptions for a 16-socket server and four 8-socket RHEL subscriptions for a 32-socket server.
Rules for ordering Linux on Integrity servers
  1. The HP Red Hat and SUSE Linux products are subscription license products
    a. Include the OS software update subscription bundled with HP Phone in support.
  2. The Red Hat media is a separate product from the subscription license.
    a. If the media product is NOT ordered, customer must download the OS directly from the Red Hat.
    b. If media product is ordered it must be ordered with subscription license product.
  3. The HP Integrity Essentials Foundation Pack for Linux is required on each Linux on Integrity Server
    a. The HP Integrity Essentials Foundation Pack for Linux is a set of utilities and system management tools used to facilitate the installation, configuration, and management of Integrity servers with Linux. There is no charge for this product.
  4. Red Hat Enterprise Linux
    Red Hat subscription license is based on socket based licensing.
    b. RHEL will supports up to 64p/128c/256t in a single partition on Superdome
    c. RHEL or RHEL ES can only be deployed on servers with a maximum of two sockets
  5. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
    a. To purchase SLES subscription + support for 'N' sockets, the customer needs to order only 1 unit of the base product BA961A and 'N' units of an option

Delivery Options for Red Hat and SUSE Linux OS Distributions

Customers have the following delivery options when ordering Red Hat or SUSE Linux OS from HP:

  • Red Hat Linux OS is preinstalled on server disk in HP factory.
    The factory preload (0D1) for Red Hat Linux provides software preloading and hard disk preconfiguration of the Linux Operating Environments on HP Integrity Servers. A media kit is always included with this option. This option is not available for all server and Linux distribution combinations and is noted in the Linux OS section for each server in the HP Integrity, HP 9000, and carrier grade Servers Ordering Guide.
  • Red Hat Linux OS is delivered to customer in DVD media kit.
    When customers choose the AJR media kit option, HP delivers the same media kit for Red Hat Linux as Red Hat. These kits include the binaries, source, documentation (user, installation, and release notes), and a registration number to initiate the subscription service with Red Hat for software updates. HP also adds the HP support notes and related documentation.
  • Red Hat Linux OS is downloaded from Red Hat web site (not selecting option AJR or 0D1).
    If media kit is not ordered, customer chooses to download OS directly from the Red Hat web site and receive just a registration card from HP.
  • Novell SUSE Linux OS is downloaded from Novell web site.
    When customers order BA961A, HP will ship in a leaflet with a subscription key and detailed instructions on how to download and register your SLES subscription and support. When customers order BA961AAE, HP will email subscription key and detailed instructions on how to download and register your SLES subscription and support.
  • HP Installation and Startup Service for Linux OS (Option HA114A1 5FP).
    HP offers an on site Linux installation service for installing Red Hat or SUSE on an HP Integrity server at the customer site. This service includes the on site installation, configuration, and startup activities of a supported Linux distribution on an HP Integrity server platform. This service is recommended when the Red Hat or SUSE Linux distribution is ordered with option B01 (dropped in the box) or 501 (standalone).

Red Hat Media Kit HP delivers the same media kit for Red Hat Linux as Red Hat. These kits include the binaries, source, documentation (user, installation, and release notes), and a registration number to initiate the subscription service with Red Hat for software updates. HP also adds the HP support notes and, if the customer has selected the factory preload option (option 0D1), a recovery CD that contains the preloaded OS image.

Downloading Red Hat and SUSE from the Web

Customers can choose to download the RHEL or SLES operating system directly from the Red Hat or Novell web site and not receive a media kit from HP containing the software. This occurs when the media option AJR is removed from the order. (The media kit option is always selected by default.). There would be no media kit shipped to the customer for SLES 11. Customers must register at the respective web site prior to download. Registration requires either the Red Hat subscription number or the Novell activation code that each customer receives from HP when ordering either RHEL or SLES.

Please refer to Red Hat's RHEL documentation (release notes, installation guides) at: http://www.redhat.com/docs/manuals/enterprise/and Novell's SLES documentation (release notes, installation guides) at: http://www.novell.com/documentation/suse.html for additional information.


HP Integrity Virtual Machine (HP VM)

HP Integrity Virtual Machines (HP VM) is a virtualization technology within HP's Virtual Server Environment that enables you to create multiple virtual servers or machines within a single HP Integrity server or nPartition. HP VM 3.5 supports SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP1 as a guest OS. HP VM 4.0 supports SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP1, and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP2 as a guest OS. The latest release HPVM 4.1 is supported with SLES10 SP2.

For more information see www.hp.com/go/integrityvm.

Ordering SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for HP Virtual Machines (Integrity VM)
Please use the standard SLES for Integrity product number (BA961A) to order the SLES subscription license for deploying as a guest OS within the Integrity VM environment.

Ordering Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Platform for HP Virtual Machines (Integrity VM)
Please use the standard RHEL for Integrity media product (BA822A) and the following RHEL AP for Integrity VM subscription license product (BA926A) to order RHEL as a guest OS with the Integrity VM environment.


HP Linux Services

HP has over 6,000 trained Linux service professionals who provide migration, enterprise support, and deployment services. For more information about HP Linux services, see http://www.hp.com/go/linuxservices


© Copyright 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

Microsoft and Windows are US registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Intel is a US registered trademark of Intel Corporation. Unix is a registered trademark of The Open Group.

The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein.


   DA-12650 28 - Version 28 - April 1, 2012 --- Retired on April 1, 2012